背景:自确立"气功所致精神障碍"诊断单元以来,有关练功过程是否影响中枢神经系统生理状态,气功发功与催眠诱导对中枢系统产生效应有何异同,一直缺少实验观察的比较分析.目的:观察正常成人处于"正常态"、"气功入静态"和"催眠状态"的脑诱发电位变化,分析气功发功和催眠诱导对大脑生理过程效应的异同.设计:以正常成人为观察对象的脑诱发电位实验.单位:上海市精神卫生中心.对象:2001-09/2002-12上海市精神病院职工、实习医生、志愿者不同性别、年龄与文化程度共52人.方法:①使用美国Nicolet Spirit诱发脑电生理仪,按国际10/20系统方法安置电极,置头皮Cz,C3,C4,Pz,Fz部位.言语性或凝视性诱导催眠.催眠过程持续约20～30 min,其中诱导10～15 min,确定被试者进入被催眠状态后进行实验观察.②与上海市气功研究所和民间气功师合作,由他们向被观察对象发放"气功外气".认定"气功入静"的程度根据民间标准,由气功师确认进入状态后,进行实验观察,整个过程约持续20～30 min.③观察分别处于正常对照、气功入静和催眠状态下参与者脑电活动中事件相关电位(关联性负变,P300电位)和感觉诱发电位(视觉诱发电位、听觉诱发电位、听觉脑干反应)潜伏期和波幅变化,将观察值进行2×2析因设计的单因素变量线性模型多元方差分析.主要观察指标:①事件相关电位观察结果.②感觉诱发电位观察结果.结果:因催眠诱导效果欠佳和脑诱发电位记录不全等原因共脱落3例,最终对49例进行统计分析.①事件相关电位观察结果:催眠状态下P300电位(靶刺激-P3)波幅比正常态降低[(4.18±2.23),(6.07±3.23)μV,P＜0.01];关联性负变(M2)波幅与正常态和气功态相比降低[(5.93±3.36),(7.83±4.49),(7.76±4.42)μV,P＜0.05].②感觉诱发电位观察结果:催眠状态下听觉诱发电位(P2)与正常态和气功入静态相比波幅降低[(2.01±1.28),(2.71±1.83),(2.73±1.34)μV,P＜0.05];催眠状态下视觉诱发电位(P2,P3)波幅与正常态以及气功态相比降低[(3.47±2.69),(4.76±2.78),(4.30±2.64)μV;(1.68±0.95),(1.18±1.08),(2.01±1.48)μV,P＜0.05].结论:处于催眠状态时,感觉诱发电位出现低波幅,而气功入静态和正常态未出现此种改变,说明催眠诱导对大脑生理过程的影响与气功发功所产生的影响存在差别.在气功界被广泛认同的"气功态"即"催眠态"这一假说不能为上述实验结果所证实.
揹景:自確立"氣功所緻精神障礙"診斷單元以來,有關練功過程是否影響中樞神經繫統生理狀態,氣功髮功與催眠誘導對中樞繫統產生效應有何異同,一直缺少實驗觀察的比較分析.目的:觀察正常成人處于"正常態"、"氣功入靜態"和"催眠狀態"的腦誘髮電位變化,分析氣功髮功和催眠誘導對大腦生理過程效應的異同.設計:以正常成人為觀察對象的腦誘髮電位實驗.單位:上海市精神衛生中心.對象:2001-09/2002-12上海市精神病院職工、實習醫生、誌願者不同性彆、年齡與文化程度共52人.方法:①使用美國Nicolet Spirit誘髮腦電生理儀,按國際10/20繫統方法安置電極,置頭皮Cz,C3,C4,Pz,Fz部位.言語性或凝視性誘導催眠.催眠過程持續約20～30 min,其中誘導10～15 min,確定被試者進入被催眠狀態後進行實驗觀察.②與上海市氣功研究所和民間氣功師閤作,由他們嚮被觀察對象髮放"氣功外氣".認定"氣功入靜"的程度根據民間標準,由氣功師確認進入狀態後,進行實驗觀察,整箇過程約持續20～30 min.③觀察分彆處于正常對照、氣功入靜和催眠狀態下參與者腦電活動中事件相關電位(關聯性負變,P300電位)和感覺誘髮電位(視覺誘髮電位、聽覺誘髮電位、聽覺腦榦反應)潛伏期和波幅變化,將觀察值進行2×2析因設計的單因素變量線性模型多元方差分析.主要觀察指標:①事件相關電位觀察結果.②感覺誘髮電位觀察結果.結果:因催眠誘導效果欠佳和腦誘髮電位記錄不全等原因共脫落3例,最終對49例進行統計分析.①事件相關電位觀察結果:催眠狀態下P300電位(靶刺激-P3)波幅比正常態降低[(4.18±2.23),(6.07±3.23)μV,P＜0.01];關聯性負變(M2)波幅與正常態和氣功態相比降低[(5.93±3.36),(7.83±4.49),(7.76±4.42)μV,P＜0.05].②感覺誘髮電位觀察結果:催眠狀態下聽覺誘髮電位(P2)與正常態和氣功入靜態相比波幅降低[(2.01±1.28),(2.71±1.83),(2.73±1.34)μV,P＜0.05];催眠狀態下視覺誘髮電位(P2,P3)波幅與正常態以及氣功態相比降低[(3.47±2.69),(4.76±2.78),(4.30±2.64)μV;(1.68±0.95),(1.18±1.08),(2.01±1.48)μV,P＜0.05].結論:處于催眠狀態時,感覺誘髮電位齣現低波幅,而氣功入靜態和正常態未齣現此種改變,說明催眠誘導對大腦生理過程的影響與氣功髮功所產生的影響存在差彆.在氣功界被廣汎認同的"氣功態"即"催眠態"這一假說不能為上述實驗結果所證實.
배경:자학립"기공소치정신장애"진단단원이래,유관련공과정시부영향중추신경계통생리상태,기공발공여최면유도대중추계통산생효응유하이동,일직결소실험관찰적비교분석.목적:관찰정상성인처우"정상태"、"기공입정태"화"최면상태"적뇌유발전위변화,분석기공발공화최면유도대대뇌생리과정효응적이동.설계:이정상성인위관찰대상적뇌유발전위실험.단위:상해시정신위생중심.대상:2001-09/2002-12상해시정신병원직공、실습의생、지원자불동성별、년령여문화정도공52인.방법:①사용미국Nicolet Spirit유발뇌전생리의,안국제10/20계통방법안치전겁,치두피Cz,C3,C4,Pz,Fz부위.언어성혹응시성유도최면.최면과정지속약20～30 min,기중유도10～15 min,학정피시자진입피최면상태후진행실험관찰.②여상해시기공연구소화민간기공사합작,유타문향피관찰대상발방"기공외기".인정"기공입정"적정도근거민간표준,유기공사학인진입상태후,진행실험관찰,정개과정약지속20～30 min.③관찰분별처우정상대조、기공입정화최면상태하삼여자뇌전활동중사건상관전위(관련성부변,P300전위)화감각유발전위(시각유발전위、은각유발전위、은각뇌간반응)잠복기화파폭변화,장관찰치진행2×2석인설계적단인소변량선성모형다원방차분석.주요관찰지표:①사건상관전위관찰결과.②감각유발전위관찰결과.결과:인최면유도효과흠가화뇌유발전위기록불전등원인공탈락3례,최종대49례진행통계분석.①사건상관전위관찰결과:최면상태하P300전위(파자격-P3)파폭비정상태강저[(4.18±2.23),(6.07±3.23)μV,P＜0.01];관련성부변(M2)파폭여정상태화기공태상비강저[(5.93±3.36),(7.83±4.49),(7.76±4.42)μV,P＜0.05].②감각유발전위관찰결과:최면상태하은각유발전위(P2)여정상태화기공입정태상비파폭강저[(2.01±1.28),(2.71±1.83),(2.73±1.34)μV,P＜0.05];최면상태하시각유발전위(P2,P3)파폭여정상태이급기공태상비강저[(3.47±2.69),(4.76±2.78),(4.30±2.64)μV;(1.68±0.95),(1.18±1.08),(2.01±1.48)μV,P＜0.05].결론:처우최면상태시,감각유발전위출현저파폭,이기공입정태화정상태미출현차충개변,설명최면유도대대뇌생리과정적영향여기공발공소산생적영향존재차별.재기공계피엄범인동적"기공태"즉"최면태"저일가설불능위상술실험결과소증실.
BACKGROUND: Since the diagnostic unit is established in "mental disorder due to Qigong", it has been lack of comparative analysis of experimental observation on whether Qigong exercise affects physiological state in central nerve system, on what the difference are between Qigong and hypnotic induction in the effects on central system.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in brain evoked potentials in "normal state", "Qigong meditation" and "hypnosis" so as to analyze the difference between Qigong release and hypnotic induction in cerebral physiological effects in normal adults.DESIGN: Brain evoked potential experiment was designed, in which, normal adults were employed.SETTING: Shanghai Mental Health Center.PARTICIPANTS: They were staffs, interns and volunteers in Shanghai Mental Health Center, of either gender, at any age and with any educational background, totally 52 people.METHODS: ① American Nicolet Spirit evoked brain electrophysiological meter was used. The electrodes were attached according to 10/20 system on Cz, C3, C4, Pz and Fz of scalp. Verbal or fixation inductive hypnosis was applied. Hypnosis lasted 20 to 30 minutes, in which, the induction lasted 10to 15 minutes. The experimental observation were performed when the receptors were determined to be in hypnosis. ② The Qigong meditation was co-performed by the Qigong masters from Shanghai Qigong Institute or Qigong folk masters. They released "external qi" to the receptors. The degree of "Qigong meditction" was based on folk standards. The observation was carried on when the receptors were identified to be in theQigong state.The entire process lasted 20 to 30 minutes. ③ To observe successively the latency and amplitude of the event related potentials [contingent negative variation (CNV), P300 ] and sensory evoked potentials [visual evoked potentials (VEP), auditory evoked potentials (AEP), auditory brainstem reaction (ABR)] of receptors in "normal state", "Qigong meditation" and "hypnotic state". The observed values were performed multiple analysis of variance of single-factor quantitative linear model in 2 × 2 factorial design.MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: ① Observation of event related potentials. ② Observation of sensory evoked potentials RESULTS: Due to limited result of hypnotic induction and incomplete record of brain-evoked potentials, 3 cases were lost. Terminally, 49 cases entered statistical analysis. ①Observation of event related potentials: under hypnotic state, the amplitude of P300 (target stimuli-P3) was decreased compared with normal state [(4.18±2.23), (6.07±3.23) μV, P ＜ 0.01]. The amplitude of AEP (P2) in hypnotic state and normal state was decreased compared with Qigong meditation [(2.01±1.28), (2.71±1.83), (2.73±1.34)μV, P＜0.05].The amplitude of CNV(M2) was decreased comparedwith normal state and Qigong meditation[(5.93±3.36),(7.83±4.59),(7.76±4.42) μ,V,P ＜ 0.05].②Observation of sensory evoked potentials: The amplitude of VEP (P2, P3) in hypnotic state was reduced compared with normal state and Qigong meditation [(3.47±2.69), (4.76±2.78), (4.30±2.64) μV; (1.18 ±1.08), (1.68±0.95),(2.01±1.48) μV, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: In hypnotic state, sensory evoked potentials presented low amplitude and such alternation did not appeared in Qigong meditation and normal state. It is explained that there are differences between hypnotic induction and Qigong release in the influence on cerebral physiological process. The extensively recognized hypothesis in Qigong field that "Qigong state" is "hypnosis" cannot be verified by above-mentioned experiment.
