CAJ | 학술논문

为了寻找含能共熔物中的辅助组分,合成了3-氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯甲醚,并对其性能进行了初步研究.以市售苦味酸为原料,经过甲基化、替代氢的亲核取代反应,得到目标产物,产率达76%以上.产物和中间体的结构通过傅立叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、元素分析进行了表征.对甲基化反应和替代氢的亲核取代反应机理进行了探讨.通过DSC和TG研究了3-氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯甲醚的热分解性能,其吸热峰温为133.77 ℃,放热峰温254.10 ℃,在199.6 ℃,质量损失1.71%左右.采用特性落高法测得其撞击感度H_(50)为82.5 cm,爆炸概率法测得其摩擦感度为0%、其静电火花感度为V_(50)=11.42 kV,E_(50)=1.99 J.采用VLW软件计算理论爆速为7.459 km·s~(-1) (ρ=1.709 g·cm~(-3)),理论爆压为22.9 GPa (ρ=1.709 g·cm~(-3)).研究结果表明,3-氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯甲醚具有较好的热稳定性,其感度低于TNT,理论爆速和爆压高于TNT,是一种性能良好的高能低感炸药,可作为辅助组分用于含能共熔物中.
위료심조함능공용물중적보조조분,합성료3-안기-2,4,6-삼초기분갑미,병대기성능진행료초보연구.이시수고미산위원료,경과갑기화、체대경적친핵취대반응,득도목표산물,산솔체76%이상.산물화중간체적결구통과부립협홍외광보、핵자공진경보、원소분석진행료표정.대갑기화반응화체대경적친핵취대반응궤리진행료탐토.통과DSC화TG연구료3-안기-2,4,6-삼초기분갑미적열분해성능,기흡열봉온위133.77 ℃,방열봉온254.10 ℃,재199.6 ℃,질량손실1.71%좌우.채용특성락고법측득기당격감도H_(50)위82.5 cm,폭작개솔법측득기마찰감도위0%、기정전화화감도위V_(50)=11.42 kV,E_(50)=1.99 J.채용VLW연건계산이론폭속위7.459 km·s~(-1) (ρ=1.709 g·cm~(-3)),이론폭압위22.9 GPa (ρ=1.709 g·cm~(-3)).연구결과표명,3-안기-2,4,6-삼초기분갑미구유교호적열은정성,기감도저우TNT,이론폭속화폭압고우TNT,시일충성능량호적고능저감작약,가작위보조조분용우함능공용물중.
To find suitable components for energetic eutectic mixtures, 3-amino-2,4,6-trinitroanisole with an overall yield of 76% was synthesized via the sequence methylation-VNS amination of commercial picric acid. And its properties were preliminarily studied by IR, ~1H NMR and elemental analysis. The mechanism of methylation and VNS amination were discussed. DSC-TG curves show that the endothermic peak temperature is 133.77 ℃ and the exothermic peak temperature is 254.10 ℃. The massloss is about 1.71% at 199.6 ℃. H_50 is 82.5 cm and the friction sensitivity is 0%. V_(50) is 11.42 kV and E_(50) is 1.99 J. The theoretical detonation velocity is 7.459 km·s~(-1) (ρ=1.709 g·cm~(-3)), and the theoretical detonation pressure is 22.9 GPa (ρ=1.709 g·cm~(-3)). Results show that 3-amino-2,4,6-trinitroanisole is stable to heat. The theoretical detonation velocity and pressure of 3-amino-2,4,6-trinitroanisole are larger than that of TNT.