CAJ | 학술논문

为了实现高精度、高可靠性、绝对式光电编码器的小型化,研究了编码器的编码方式和读数头的结构.介绍了编码器码盘所采用的八象限矩阵编码(即八矩阵码)原理,对比传统四象限矩阵码,八矩阵编码的优点在于它仅需两圈就可以实现10位自然二进制编码:码盘第一圈四路信号实现格雷编码的高三位,第二圈八路信号实现格雷编码的低七位;再经格雷编码与自然二进制的译码关系,得到10位自然二进制码.运用错位移相的方法设计了狭缝的精码窗口,获得了圆光栅莫尔条纹;同时,采用单头读数,减少了发光元器件(光源)的数量.最后,介绍了信号提取方法.实验结果表明,设计的八矩阵编码器实现了超小体积为Φ25 mm×16 mm,重量＜28 g,分辨率经过电子细分达到了16位,精度(1σ)优于30″.极高的可靠性可保证该编码器在极其苛刻条件下长期正常工作,适于在航空航天和军事领域应用.
위료실현고정도、고가고성、절대식광전편마기적소형화,연구료편마기적편마방식화독수두적결구.개소료편마기마반소채용적팔상한구진편마(즉팔구진마)원리,대비전통사상한구진마,팔구진편마적우점재우타부수량권취가이실현10위자연이진제편마:마반제일권사로신호실현격뢰편마적고삼위,제이권팔로신호실현격뢰편마적저칠위;재경격뢰편마여자연이진제적역마관계,득도10위자연이진제마.운용착위이상적방법설계료협봉적정마창구,획득료원광책막이조문;동시,채용단두독수,감소료발광원기건(광원)적수량.최후,개소료신호제취방법.실험결과표명,설계적팔구진편마기실현료초소체적위Φ25 mm×16 mm,중량＜28 g,분변솔경과전자세분체도료16위,정도(1σ)우우30″.겁고적가고성가보증해편마기재겁기가각조건하장기정상공작,괄우재항공항천화군사영역응용.
With the aim to realize the miniaturization of absolute optical encoders with the characteristics of greater accuracy and more reliability, the new coding mode and structure of a reading head are investigated. Firstly, this paper describes the principle of eight-matrix coding used in absolute optical encoders. Different from traditional four-matrix coding,the eight-matrix coding only needs two grating tracks to realize a 10-bit binary.The first grating track realizes the 3-bit coding of Gray code; and the second one realizes the 7-bit coding of Gray code. Then it can achieve the 10-bit binary coding through the relation between Gray code and binary. The Moiré fringe obtained by using phase compensation of incremental slit is another new technique in this paper.The single reading-head is also good for reducing the number of LEDs, therefore the dimension of encoder is smaller. Finally, the method of signal pick-up is discussed as well. Experimental results indicate that the proposed eight-matrix encoder has a smaller size of Φ25 mm×16 mm and a lighter weight of 28 g, while his resolution is 16-bit and accuracy is 30″. It is concluded that the encoder can normally work in very hard conditions with more reliability for long time and can be widely applied to the field of modern military and aerospace.