CAJ | 학술논문

目的测量和评价我国老年人的健康相关生命质量(HRQOL),分析影响我国老年人HRQOL的人口统计学和行为生活方式因素.方法在江苏、安徽、甘肃、青海、福建、北京、吉林、江西、河南9省市进行横断面健康状况调查.HRQOL调查采用MOS SF-36问卷.老年人与一般人群的HRQOL比较应用成组设计的t检验,HRQOL影响因素分析采用多元线性逐步回归分析.结果我国老年人的HRQOL 8个维度得分为生理机能(79±21),生理职能(68±40),躯体疼痛(72±23),一般健康状况(57±22),精力(69±20),社会功能(79±23),情感职能(72±40),精神健康(76±18).除精神健康维度以外的其他7个维度的得分均比四川常模低(均P＜0.05),除一般健康状况、精力和精神健康三个维度外其他5个维度上的得分均低于杭州常模(均P＜0.05).主要影响因素有:运动习惯、最终学历、慢性病史、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、体重指数、睡眠习惯和性别等.结论我国老年人的HRQOL比一般人群低.低水平运动者、低学历者、有慢性病史者、高龄者、少数民族老年人、丧偶老年人是老年人卫生和社区服务的重点人群,在老年人健康教育中,应该提倡多运动和规律睡眠.
목적 측량화평개아국노년인적건강상관생명질량(HRQOL),분석영향아국노년인HRQOL적인구통계학화행위생활방식인소.방법 재강소、안휘、감숙、청해、복건、북경、길림、강서、하남9성시진행횡단면건강상황조사.HRQOL조사채용MOS SF-36문권.노년인여일반인군적HRQOL비교응용성조설계적t검험,HRQOL영향인소분석채용다원선성축보회귀분석.결과 아국노년인적HRQOL 8개유도득분위생리궤능(79±21),생리직능(68±40),구체동통(72±23),일반건강상황(57±22),정력(69±20),사회공능(79±23),정감직능(72±40),정신건강(76±18).제정신건강유도이외적기타7개유도적득분균비사천상모저(균P＜0.05),제일반건강상황、정력화정신건강삼개유도외기타5개유도상적득분균저우항주상모(균P＜0.05).주요영향인소유:운동습관、최종학력、만성병사、년령、민족、혼인상황、체중지수、수면습관화성별등.결론 아국노년인적HRQOL비일반인군저.저수평운동자、저학력자、유만성병사자、고령자、소수민족노년인、상우노년인시노년인위생화사구복무적중점인군,재노년인건강교육중,응해제창다운동화규률수면.
Objective To investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), demographic characteristics, and health behaviors of the Chinese elderly to find out high-risk population and behaviors. Methods Data was collected from a cross-sectional survey performed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Gansu,Qinghai, Fujian, Beijing, Jilin, Jiangxi, and Henan province. MOS SF-36 was used for HRQOL assessment, t test was used for HRQOL comparison between the elderly and the general population. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the affecting factors. Results The HRQOL among the Chinese elderly were PF ( Physical Functioning) 79 ± 21, RP ( Role-Physical ) 68 ± 40, BP ( Bodily Pain) 72 ± 23, GH ( General Health) 57±22, VT ( Vitality ) 69 ± 20, SF ( Social Functioning) 79 ± 23, RE ( Role-Emotional ) 72 ±40, M H ( Mental Health)76 ± 18, which were lower than Sichuan Norm on 7 dimensions ( P ＜ 0. 05 ; except on M H dimension) and lower than Hangzhou Norm on 5 dimensions (P ＜ 0. 05 ;except on GH, VT, and MHdimensions). The important affecting factors included physical exercise, education level, medical history of chronic disease, age, race, marriage, body mass index ( BMI ), sleeping habits, and gender. Conclusions Compared with the general population, the HRQOL in the elderly might be lower. The health policy and community heahhcare services should focus on the elderly individuals with insufficient exercise, lower education level, chronic disease history, and ethnic minority, or widows. Health education should encourage them to improve physical exercise and sleeping behavior.