中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2008年
8期
592-595
,共4页
王联君%周莹%胡玉清%CHANG Zhi-rong
王聯君%週瑩%鬍玉清%CHANG Zhi-rong
왕련군%주형%호옥청%CHANG Zhi-rong
肝炎,病毒性,人%流行病学研究%预防卫生服务
肝炎,病毒性,人%流行病學研究%預防衛生服務
간염,병독성,인%류행병학연구%예방위생복무
Hepatitis,viral,human%Epidemiological studies%Preventive health services
目的 为了解病毒性肝炎流行特征,为制定和调整防控策略提供科学依据.方法 采用描述流行病学分析方法,对崇文区1997-2006年间1121例病毒性肝炎病例进行分析,率的比较采用卡方检验.结果 10年间发病1121例,呈逐年下降趋势,年平均发病率为27.10/10万,其中乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)年均发病率最高(13.90/10万),丙型肝炎(简称丙肝)最低(1.38/10万).从病原学分型看,乙肝构成比最高(575例,51.29%),丙肝最低(57例,5.08%);甲型肝炎(简称甲肝)、未分型、乙肝均呈不同程度的下降趋势,丙肝和戊型肝炎(简称戊肝)呈平稳上升的趋势;甲肝和未分型都以冬春季为主,乙肝、丙肝和戊肝无明显的季节性;男女发病差别有统计学意义(X2=188.39,P＜0.001);各职业均有发病,工人(306例,27.3%)和干部(209例,18.64%)为主;发病集中在20～49岁(749例,66.82%);经血液传播发病强度(7.64/10万)明显高于经粪、口途径传播(3.02/10万)(X2=5.09,P＜0.01).结论 进一步提高群众防病和主动接受免疫服务意识,在做好甲肝乙肝疫苗常规免疫的基础上,扩大免疫接种对象范围,加强重点人群免疫接种工作.加强血液、血液制品、医源性感染管理工作,遏制病毒性肝炎的发病.
目的 為瞭解病毒性肝炎流行特徵,為製定和調整防控策略提供科學依據.方法 採用描述流行病學分析方法,對崇文區1997-2006年間1121例病毒性肝炎病例進行分析,率的比較採用卡方檢驗.結果 10年間髮病1121例,呈逐年下降趨勢,年平均髮病率為27.10/10萬,其中乙型肝炎(簡稱乙肝)年均髮病率最高(13.90/10萬),丙型肝炎(簡稱丙肝)最低(1.38/10萬).從病原學分型看,乙肝構成比最高(575例,51.29%),丙肝最低(57例,5.08%);甲型肝炎(簡稱甲肝)、未分型、乙肝均呈不同程度的下降趨勢,丙肝和戊型肝炎(簡稱戊肝)呈平穩上升的趨勢;甲肝和未分型都以鼕春季為主,乙肝、丙肝和戊肝無明顯的季節性;男女髮病差彆有統計學意義(X2=188.39,P＜0.001);各職業均有髮病,工人(306例,27.3%)和榦部(209例,18.64%)為主;髮病集中在20～49歲(749例,66.82%);經血液傳播髮病彊度(7.64/10萬)明顯高于經糞、口途徑傳播(3.02/10萬)(X2=5.09,P＜0.01).結論 進一步提高群衆防病和主動接受免疫服務意識,在做好甲肝乙肝疫苗常規免疫的基礎上,擴大免疫接種對象範圍,加彊重點人群免疫接種工作.加彊血液、血液製品、醫源性感染管理工作,遏製病毒性肝炎的髮病.
목적 위료해병독성간염류행특정,위제정화조정방공책략제공과학의거.방법 채용묘술류행병학분석방법,대숭문구1997-2006년간1121례병독성간염병례진행분석,솔적비교채용잡방검험.결과 10년간발병1121례,정축년하강추세,년평균발병솔위27.10/10만,기중을형간염(간칭을간)년균발병솔최고(13.90/10만),병형간염(간칭병간)최저(1.38/10만).종병원학분형간,을간구성비최고(575례,51.29%),병간최저(57례,5.08%);갑형간염(간칭갑간)、미분형、을간균정불동정도적하강추세,병간화무형간염(간칭무간)정평은상승적추세;갑간화미분형도이동춘계위주,을간、병간화무간무명현적계절성;남녀발병차별유통계학의의(X2=188.39,P＜0.001);각직업균유발병,공인(306례,27.3%)화간부(209례,18.64%)위주;발병집중재20～49세(749례,66.82%);경혈액전파발병강도(7.64/10만)명현고우경분、구도경전파(3.02/10만)(X2=5.09,P＜0.01).결론 진일보제고군음방병화주동접수면역복무의식,재주호갑간을간역묘상규면역적기출상,확대면역접충대상범위,가강중점인군면역접충공작.가강혈액、혈액제품、의원성감염관리공작,알제병독성간염적발병.
Objective To understand the epidemiological features of viral hepatitis,and providea scientific evidence for developing strategies for prevention and controL Methods Through descriptive epidemiological methodology,the epidemiological characteristics of 1121 viral hepatitis cases in Chongwen District (1997-2006) were studied.X2-test was used in ratio comparison.Results There were 1121 viral hepatitis cases occurring in the past decade,and the incidence rate was declining by year with the average of 27.10/100 000.Of which,the incidence rate of viral hepatitis B was the highest(13.90/100 000),viral hepatitis C (1.38/100 000) was the lowest.The proportion of viral hepatitis B was the highest (575,51.29%) and viral hepatitis C(57,5.08%) was the lowest.The incidence of viral hepatitis A,B and notyping was declining year by year,while viral hepatitis C and E was climhing.Most viral hepatitis A and E cases occurred in Spring and Winter,and the difference of incidence rate between male and female was observed (X2=188.39,P＜0.001).The findings also showed that viral hepatitis might occur in all kind of occupation,but most were workers (306,27.3%) and officers(209,18.64%).For the age distribution,20 - 49 years old group took the majority (749,66.82%);and for the transmission route,blood transfusion (7.64/100 000) was significantly higher than fecal-oral route (3.02/100 000) (X2=5.09,P＜0.01).Conclusion It is necessary to raise and increase the public awareness for viral hepatitis prevention and,control,and enhance immunization.Moreover,effective measures should be taken to the safety of blood and blood products,and to prevent nosecomial infection.
