CAJ | 학술논문

[目的】发掘互花米草耐盐、水稻高产种质资源，创制海涂粮饲兼用耐盐水稻新种质。【方法】于2009—2011年开展海涂互花米草与水稻远缘杂交研究，采用海涂互花米草与水稻属间远缘杂交育种方法，同时采用四选一突破结合技术一海涂种植筛选、细胞学检测筛选、回交表型筛选、分子标记辅助筛选结合技术，寻找海涂粮饲兼用耐盐水稻新种质。【结果】2009-2010年实际远缘杂交成功率为1．39％。7C14、中香1号2种水稻母本与互花米草（…父本远缘杂交材料进行RAPD分子鉴定，发现RH-1—10K205—7C14xH、RH-2—8K157-7C14xH、RH-13—9H5-中香1号xH具有与互花米草亲本相同的条带，而同时在水稻亲本中缺失的情形，表明以上远缘杂交种具有互花米草亲本遗传成分；水稻7K339母本与互花米草父本远缘杂交材料经RAPD分子鉴定，杂交种RH-5—10K215、RH-6—8K48、RH-12—9H9、RH-14—9H8、RH-16-9H28具有与互花米草亲本相同的条带，而同时在水稻亲本中缺失的情形，表明以上远缘杂交种具有互花米草亲本遗传成分。其余杂交种与互花米草亲本和水稻亲本也存在不同程度的变异。【结论]育出耐盐优质饲料稻新品种，不但解决了沿海开发、盐碱地治理中急需解决的耐盐作物品种问题，而且解决了草食动物精粗饲料问题，同时对于资源利用、农业增效、粮食安全、耕地战略等方面有着重要的科学意义，具有广阔的应用前景。
[목적】발굴호화미초내염、수도고산충질자원，창제해도량사겸용내염수도신충질。【방법】우2009—2011년개전해도호화미초여수도원연잡교연구，채용해도호화미초여수도속간원연잡교육충방법，동시채용사선일돌파결합기술일해도충식사선、세포학검측사선、회교표형사선、분자표기보조사선결합기술，심조해도량사겸용내염수도신충질。【결과】2009-2010년실제원연잡교성공솔위1．39％。7C14、중향1호2충수도모본여호화미초（…부본원연잡교재료진행RAPD분자감정，발현RH-1—10K205—7C14xH、RH-2—8K157-7C14xH、RH-13—9H5-중향1호xH구유여호화미초친본상동적조대，이동시재수도친본중결실적정형，표명이상원연잡교충구유호화미초친본유전성분；수도7K339모본여호화미초부본원연잡교재료경RAPD분자감정，잡교충RH-5—10K215、RH-6—8K48、RH-12—9H9、RH-14—9H8、RH-16-9H28구유여호화미초친본상동적조대，이동시재수도친본중결실적정형，표명이상원연잡교충구유호화미초친본유전성분。기여잡교충여호화미초친본화수도친본야존재불동정도적변이。【결론]육출내염우질사료도신품충，불단해결료연해개발、염감지치리중급수해결적내염작물품충문제，이차해결료초식동물정조사료문제，동시대우자원이용、농업증효、양식안전、경지전략등방면유착중요적과학의의，구유엄활적응용전경。
[Objective] The aim was to explore salt-resistant Spartina alterniflora and high-yield rice with germplasm resource in order to create new salt-resistant rice species with dual-purpose of food and forage. [Method] From 2009 to 2011, re- searches on distant hybridization of Spartina alterniflora and Oryza Sativa have been conducted with method of distant hybridization breeding. On the other hand, break- through and combination techniques （four selected one） were adopted to find the new rice species, including techniques of planting and selection in seashore, cyto- logical detection and selection, phenotype selection of backcross, and molecular marker assisted selection. [Result] Success rate of distant hybridization from 2009 to 2010 was 1.39%. RAPD molecular identification of 7C14 and rice female parent of Zhongxiang No.l, seed 2 was carried on with distant hybridization of male parent of Spartina altemiflora （H）. The results showed that bands same with Spartina alterni- flora parents were found in RH-1-10K205-7C14xH, RH-2-8K157-7C14xH, and RH-13- 9H5-Zhongxaing No.1 xH. Considering absent situation in rice parents, distant hy- bridization strains above were found with same parental genetic element as Spartina alterniflora. Female parent of rice 7K339, however, was under RAPD molecular identification with male parent of Spartina alterniflora. The result showed that bands same with Spartina alterniflora parents were found in RH-5-10K215, RH-6-8K48, RH- 12-9H9, RH-14-9H8 and RH-16-9H28. Considering absent situation in rice parents, distant hybridization strains above were found with same parental genetic element as Spartina altemiflora. Rest hybrid strains were found variance with Spartina alterniflora parents and rice parents in varying degrees. [Conclusion] New and excellent rice species of dual-purpose solves problem not only about salt-resistant species badly needed in coastal development and treatment of saline and alkaline land, but about fine fodder and roughage for herbivore, as well. What＇s more, this is of scientific significance in recourse utilization, efficiency improvement in agriculture, food security, and cultivation strategy.