背景:儿童意外伤害中心理行为因素起重要作用.意外伤害儿童的性格及行为等心理学特点具有其特殊性.目的:探讨意外伤害儿童与正常儿童个性特质及行为特质的差异.设计:以患儿和正常儿童为调查对象的病例对照分析.单位:一所市级医院的小儿科.对象:2001-01/12在藤州市中心医院住院治疗7～11岁的意外伤害患儿131例,除外有先天性智力障碍和非脑共发出问卷89份,8份因资料不完整而被剔除,收回资料完整的病例81份(回收率为91.01%).其中男50例,女31例,平均年龄(8.59±1.86)岁,Peabody图画词汇测验测试智商为96±15;对照组选择年龄、性别相匹配,父母文化程度、经济状况、居住条件、儿童受教育情况,居住地经济文化情况相似的无伤害病史的正常健康学龄儿童,共81例.男45例,女36例,平均(8.92±1.73)岁,Peabody图画词汇测验测试智商为(98±18).两组儿童在性别、年龄、智商方面具有可比性(P＞0.05).方法:采用艾森克个性问卷和Achenback儿童行为量表(父母用表),对伤害组和对照组各81例进行测试.结果:两组各81例均无脱落.①艾森克个性问卷的精神质、内外向、神经质量表得分伤害组(50.01±10.58,55.19±12.1,57.35±10.12)均高于对照组(45.63±13.81,48.09±6.49,50.01±10.39),t=2.27～4.65,P＜0.05,掩饰性量表得分对照组(49.42±10.42)高于伤害组(39.65±13.03),P＜0.001.②伤害组男童在多动、攻击性、违纪、交往不良、分裂焦虑、抑郁、体诉7个行为因子;伤害组女童在多动、残忍、攻击性、抑郁、体诉、社会退缩、违纪7个行为因子的中位数均高于对照组,P均＜0.001.③伤害组行为问题的检出率为32.09%(26/81),高于对照组11.11%(9/81),P＜0.001,OR值为3.78,95%CI为1.66～8.59.行为因子的敏感性(32.1%)较低,特异性(88.9%)和阳性结果价值(74.3%)较高.④伤害组男童Achenback儿童行为量表平均得分(39.84±10.99)高于女童(34.26±10.43)P＜0.05.男童在违纪、攻击性,女童在抑郁因子中位数高于异性,P＜0.05或0.01.伤害组Achenback儿童行为量表平均得分为(37.62±11.03),高于对照组(17.77±12.12),P＜0.01.⑤多因素Logistic分析显示,意外伤害的危险因子:男童为攻击、多动、违纪;女童为攻击、违纪、抑郁.结论:意外伤害儿童存在着明显的行为问题,行为因子敏感性较低,但特异性阳性结果价值较高,男童和女童都具有攻击、违纪的特点,具掩饰性低于正常儿童,从而较易出现应付行为的非理性方式.
揹景:兒童意外傷害中心理行為因素起重要作用.意外傷害兒童的性格及行為等心理學特點具有其特殊性.目的:探討意外傷害兒童與正常兒童箇性特質及行為特質的差異.設計:以患兒和正常兒童為調查對象的病例對照分析.單位:一所市級醫院的小兒科.對象:2001-01/12在籐州市中心醫院住院治療7～11歲的意外傷害患兒131例,除外有先天性智力障礙和非腦共髮齣問捲89份,8份因資料不完整而被剔除,收迴資料完整的病例81份(迴收率為91.01%).其中男50例,女31例,平均年齡(8.59±1.86)歲,Peabody圖畫詞彙測驗測試智商為96±15;對照組選擇年齡、性彆相匹配,父母文化程度、經濟狀況、居住條件、兒童受教育情況,居住地經濟文化情況相似的無傷害病史的正常健康學齡兒童,共81例.男45例,女36例,平均(8.92±1.73)歲,Peabody圖畫詞彙測驗測試智商為(98±18).兩組兒童在性彆、年齡、智商方麵具有可比性(P＞0.05).方法:採用艾森剋箇性問捲和Achenback兒童行為量錶(父母用錶),對傷害組和對照組各81例進行測試.結果:兩組各81例均無脫落.①艾森剋箇性問捲的精神質、內外嚮、神經質量錶得分傷害組(50.01±10.58,55.19±12.1,57.35±10.12)均高于對照組(45.63±13.81,48.09±6.49,50.01±10.39),t=2.27～4.65,P＜0.05,掩飾性量錶得分對照組(49.42±10.42)高于傷害組(39.65±13.03),P＜0.001.②傷害組男童在多動、攻擊性、違紀、交往不良、分裂焦慮、抑鬱、體訴7箇行為因子;傷害組女童在多動、殘忍、攻擊性、抑鬱、體訴、社會退縮、違紀7箇行為因子的中位數均高于對照組,P均＜0.001.③傷害組行為問題的檢齣率為32.09%(26/81),高于對照組11.11%(9/81),P＜0.001,OR值為3.78,95%CI為1.66～8.59.行為因子的敏感性(32.1%)較低,特異性(88.9%)和暘性結果價值(74.3%)較高.④傷害組男童Achenback兒童行為量錶平均得分(39.84±10.99)高于女童(34.26±10.43)P＜0.05.男童在違紀、攻擊性,女童在抑鬱因子中位數高于異性,P＜0.05或0.01.傷害組Achenback兒童行為量錶平均得分為(37.62±11.03),高于對照組(17.77±12.12),P＜0.01.⑤多因素Logistic分析顯示,意外傷害的危險因子:男童為攻擊、多動、違紀;女童為攻擊、違紀、抑鬱.結論:意外傷害兒童存在著明顯的行為問題,行為因子敏感性較低,但特異性暘性結果價值較高,男童和女童都具有攻擊、違紀的特點,具掩飾性低于正常兒童,從而較易齣現應付行為的非理性方式.
배경:인동의외상해중심리행위인소기중요작용.의외상해인동적성격급행위등심이학특점구유기특수성.목적:탐토의외상해인동여정상인동개성특질급행위특질적차이.설계:이환인화정상인동위조사대상적병례대조분석.단위:일소시급의원적소인과.대상:2001-01/12재등주시중심의원주원치료7～11세적의외상해환인131례,제외유선천성지력장애화비뇌공발출문권89빈,8빈인자료불완정이피척제,수회자료완정적병례81빈(회수솔위91.01%).기중남50례,녀31례,평균년령(8.59±1.86)세,Peabody도화사회측험측시지상위96±15;대조조선택년령、성별상필배,부모문화정도、경제상황、거주조건、인동수교육정황,거주지경제문화정황상사적무상해병사적정상건강학령인동,공81례.남45례,녀36례,평균(8.92±1.73)세,Peabody도화사회측험측시지상위(98±18).량조인동재성별、년령、지상방면구유가비성(P＞0.05).방법:채용애삼극개성문권화Achenback인동행위량표(부모용표),대상해조화대조조각81례진행측시.결과:량조각81례균무탈락.①애삼극개성문권적정신질、내외향、신경질량표득분상해조(50.01±10.58,55.19±12.1,57.35±10.12)균고우대조조(45.63±13.81,48.09±6.49,50.01±10.39),t=2.27～4.65,P＜0.05,엄식성량표득분대조조(49.42±10.42)고우상해조(39.65±13.03),P＜0.001.②상해조남동재다동、공격성、위기、교왕불량、분렬초필、억욱、체소7개행위인자;상해조녀동재다동、잔인、공격성、억욱、체소、사회퇴축、위기7개행위인자적중위수균고우대조조,P균＜0.001.③상해조행위문제적검출솔위32.09%(26/81),고우대조조11.11%(9/81),P＜0.001,OR치위3.78,95%CI위1.66～8.59.행위인자적민감성(32.1%)교저,특이성(88.9%)화양성결과개치(74.3%)교고.④상해조남동Achenback인동행위량표평균득분(39.84±10.99)고우녀동(34.26±10.43)P＜0.05.남동재위기、공격성,녀동재억욱인자중위수고우이성,P＜0.05혹0.01.상해조Achenback인동행위량표평균득분위(37.62±11.03),고우대조조(17.77±12.12),P＜0.01.⑤다인소Logistic분석현시,의외상해적위험인자:남동위공격、다동、위기;녀동위공격、위기、억욱.결론:의외상해인동존재착명현적행위문제,행위인자민감성교저,단특이성양성결과개치교고,남동화녀동도구유공격、위기적특점,구엄식성저우정상인동,종이교역출현응부행위적비이성방식.
BACKGROUND: Psychological behaviors play an important role in children accidental injury, and children with a tendency of accidental injury display specific psychological properties in characters and behaviors.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the difference of personality and behavioral characters between normal children and children with a tendency of accidental injury.DESIGN: Case controlled analysis based on suffered children and normal hildren.SETTING: Department of pediatric in a civic hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 131 accidental injured children aged from 7 to 11 years were admitted at Tengzhou Civic center hospital between January and December 2001. Those with congenital intellectual disturbance and brain trauma were excluded and the rest 89 cases were asked to fill questionnaire, 8 were removed from the study due to unintegrated data and 81pieces of integral data were collected (reclaiming rate of 91.01%), including 50 males and 31 females with the mean age of (8.59±1.86) years, the intelligence quotient was(96±15) determined by Peabody picture vocabulary test(PPVT); and 81 children in control group matched in age and sex were selected from healthy children of school age without injury history and similar in some aspects, such as parents' culture degree, economic condition, educational state and the economic and culture state of inhabitancy with control group, including 45 males and 36 females with the mean age of (8.92±1.73) years, the intelligence quotient was(98±18) by PPVT. Two groups were matched in sex, age and IQ(P＞0.05).METHODS: Eysenck personality questionnaire and Achenback children behavioral rating scale(parents rating scale) were used.RESULTS: Data of two groups with 81 questionnaires in each entered into the final analysis without loss. ① Scores for psychoticisim, introverted and extroverted character and neurological quality in Esonk personality question naire were(50. 01±10.58, 55.19±12.1, 57.35±10.12) in injury group, higher than corresponding(45.63±13.81, 48.09±6.49, 50. 01±10.39)in control group( t = 2. 27-4.65, P＜0.05) . Scores for modified rating scale was(49.42±10.42) in control group, higher than(39.65±13.03)in injury group( P＜0.001); ② The median was found higher in hyperactivity, aggression, violation of discipline, bad communication, split anxiety,depression and physical complaint in boys of injury group; as well as in hyperactivity, cruelty, aggression, depression, physical complaint, social retreat, violation of law in girls of injury group, comparing to control group(P＜0.001); ③ Positive behavioral detecting rate of injury group was 32.09% (26/81), higher than 11.11% (9/81) of control group(P ＜0.001), OR was 3.78, and 95% CI was 1.66-8.59. Behavioral factors was proved of lower sensitivity(32. 1% ) with specificity of 88.9% and higher prognostic value of 74. 3%; ④ The mean score for Achenback children behavioral rating scale was(39. 84±10. 99) in boy which was obviously higher than(34.26 ± 10.43) in girls of injury group( P ＜0.05). The edian for violation of discipline and aggression in boys and depression in girls were significantly higher than the opposite sex group(P＜0.05 or 0.01) . The mean score for Achenback children behavioral rating scale was (37.62±11.03) in injury group, which were obviously higher than (17.77±12.12) of control group( P＜0.01) . ⑤Results of multiple factors Logistic analysis revealed that the risk factors for accidental injury included: aggression, hyperactivity and iolation of discipline in boys and aggression, violation of discipline and depression in girls.CONCLUSION: Children with a tendency of accidental injury has obvious ehavioral problems, behavioral factors were proved of lower sensitivity, but of igher specific positive prognostic value. Both boys and girls displayed speific characters in aggression and violation of discipline, and lack of pretendng capability comparing to normal children, thereby liable to response in on-rational manner.
