CAJ | 학술논문

河南省郑州黄河自然保护区周边人口众多,湿地围垦现象严重,亟需开展湿地恢复工程建设.根据郑州黄河自然保护区的地形特征、水文状况、受威胁状况和和湿地植物的适宜性特点,郑州黄河湿地的恢复模式可分为自然湿地恢复模式和主动湿地恢复模式,其中主动湿地恢复恢复模式又可分为蓄水型、溪流型和多塘型湿地恢复模式.针对嫩滩、河心洲、岛等自然保护区的核心区,可以利用黄河自身的水文周期、植物种质资源、自然肥力,采用自然湿地恢复模式进行恢复.在地势平坦、宽度较大、坡度较小且距平水位1～2 m之间地形平顺无突变的二滩区,可采用蓄水型湿地恢复模式;在地势低洼,具有自然沟渠雏形,并与黄河河道相连的嫩滩区和靠近嫩滩的二滩区,可采用溪流型湿地恢复模式;在现状地形起伏较大,或现有及废弃的鱼塘分布区,可采用多塘型湿地恢复模式.研究结果表明,自然恢复区域主要集中在南河渡黄河大桥西侧、嘉应观黄河铁路大桥西侧、郑州黄河公路大桥东侧等区域,总面积为5 086 hm~2;主动湿地恢复区域主要集中在伊洛河东侧、嘉应观黄河铁路大桥东侧、郑州黄河公路大桥东侧和中牟太平庄村东北侧区域以及现有鱼塘集中分布区域,总面积为965 hm~2.
하남성정주황하자연보호구주변인구음다,습지위은현상엄중,극수개전습지회복공정건설.근거정주황하자연보호구적지형특정、수문상황、수위협상황화화습지식물적괄의성특점,정주황하습지적회복모식가분위자연습지회복모식화주동습지회복모식,기중주동습지회복회복모식우가분위축수형、계류형화다당형습지회복모식.침대눈탄、하심주、도등자연보호구적핵심구,가이이용황하자신적수문주기、식물충질자원、자연비력,채용자연습지회복모식진행회복.재지세평탄、관도교대、파도교소차거평수위1～2 m지간지형평순무돌변적이탄구,가채용축수형습지회복모식;재지세저와,구유자연구거추형,병여황하하도상련적눈탄구화고근눈탄적이탄구,가채용계류형습지회복모식;재현상지형기복교대,혹현유급폐기적어당분포구,가채용다당형습지회복모식.연구결과표명,자연회복구역주요집중재남하도황하대교서측、가응관황하철로대교서측、정주황하공로대교동측등구역,총면적위5 086 hm~2;주동습지회복구역주요집중재이락하동측、가응관황하철로대교동측、정주황하공로대교동측화중모태평장촌동북측구역이급현유어당집중분포구역,총면적위965 hm~2.
Because of the high population and the serious wetland reclamation, Zhengzhou Yellow River Nature Reserve has the urgent need to restore wetlands. Based on topographical analysis, the analysis of hydrological characteristics of the Yellow River and habitats of wetland plants, Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland restoration models can be divided into passive wetland restoration model and active wetland restoration mode. The active restoration model can be divided into water-based, multi-stream and multi-ponds wetland restoration models. In the core area of the Nature Reserve, such as newly formed floodplain, islands in mainstreams, passive wetland restoration model can be used by taking advantage of the Yellow River's hydrological cycle, plant germplasm resources, and natural fertility. In the second flood plain, which has the characteristics of flat, wide and the water level between 1-2 m, the smooth terrain without mutation, wetland restoration can be water-based model; In the newly formed floodplain and the surrounding second floodplain, which has the characteristic of low-lying, and the embryonic form of the natural drains, connected to main channel of Yellow River, wetland restoration can be stream-based model; In the existing and abandoned fish ponds, wetland restoration can be multi-ponds model. The results showed that the passive wetland restoration mainly concentrated in the southern region of the Nanhedu Yellow River Bridge, the west side of Jiayingguan Yellow River Railway Bridge, the east of Zhengzhou Yellow River Highway Bridge and other regions, with the total area of 5 086 hm~2; the active wetland restoration area focuses on east of Yiluo River, the east side of Jiayingguan Yellow River Railway Bridge, the east of Zhengzhou Yellow River Highway Bridge, the northeastern part of Taiping Village in Zhongmu county and the existing fish ponds, with the total area of 965 hm~2.