CAJ | 학술논문

敌敌畏是我国农田中使用最普遍的有机磷杀虫剂,它通过干扰对神经传导起重要作用的胆碱酯酶的活性,起到接触和摄入毒杀昆虫的作用,也对当地水生动物及种群造成很大威胁.本文以广泛分布于我国南方农田区域的斑腿树蛙蝌蚪为研究对象,用碱性单细胞电泳方法比较了暴露于不同浓度(2.08,4.16,6.24,8.32,10.40 mg/L)的敌敌畏溶液中三个发育阶段的遗传毒性的差异.结果表明:敌敌畏溶液暴露24 h,对早期和中期阶段的蝌蚪造成极显著的DNA损伤(P＜0.01),甚至在敌敌畏浓度低达2.08 mg/L的溶液中也产生显著的损伤(P＜0.05);统计分析表明,DNA长宽比率与敌敌畏剂量之间呈显著的线性关系,早期阶段和中期阶段的相关系数分别为0.950(P＜0.01)和0.954(P＜0.01).对于后期阶段的蝌蚪,所有浓度的敌敌畏溶液都未导致明显的DNA损伤,作者认为进入变态阶段的蝌蚪对敌敌畏的敏感性明显下降.结果同时也表明,早期和中期阶段的斑腿树蛙蝌蝌是一种监测环境遗传毒性的合适指示生物.
활활외시아국농전중사용최보편적유궤린살충제,타통과간우대신경전도기중요작용적담감지매적활성,기도접촉화섭입독살곤충적작용,야대당지수생동물급충군조성흔대위협.본문이엄범분포우아국남방농전구역적반퇴수와과두위연구대상,용감성단세포전영방법비교료폭로우불동농도(2.08,4.16,6.24,8.32,10.40 mg/L)적활활외용액중삼개발육계단적유전독성적차이.결과표명:활활외용액폭로24 h,대조기화중기계단적과두조성겁현저적DNA손상(P＜0.01),심지재활활외농도저체2.08 mg/L적용액중야산생현저적손상(P＜0.05);통계분석표명,DNA장관비솔여활활외제량지간정현저적선성관계,조기계단화중기계단적상관계수분별위0.950(P＜0.01)화0.954(P＜0.01).대우후기계단적과두,소유농도적활활외용액도미도치명현적DNA손상,작자인위진입변태계단적과두대활활외적민감성명현하강.결과동시야표명,조기화중기계단적반퇴수와과과시일충감측배경유전독성적합괄지시생물.
Dichlorvos is the most common organophosphate pesticide used in agricultural fields in China. It appears to be a a contact and stomach poison in insects caused by interference with cholinesterase, a neurological enzyme which plays an imn important role in neurotransmission. The contamination of various bodies of water by run-off from fields treated with the chemical could have a negative impact on indigenous aquatic fauna. In this report, the sensitivities of treefrog Rhacopho megacephalus tadpoles at early, middle and late developmental stages, respectively, to Dichlorvos at various concentrations (2.08 mg/L to 10.40 mg/L) were evaluated using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE). The relts showed that 24 h exposure to Dichlorvos induced significant DNA damage in tadpoles at early and middle stages (P ＜ 0.01 ) with significant increases (P ＜ 0.05) in the length-to-width ratios of the DNA patterns even at concentrations tions as low as 2.08 mg/L. Statistical analysis revealed linear correlations between the mean DNA length-to-width ratios and the doses of Dichlorvos at the first two developmental stages. The correlation coefficient values were 0. 950 (P ＜ 0.01) at early and 0. 954 (P＜ 0.01) at middle stages. However, exposure to all treatment levels of Dichlorvos tested did not ret in significant increases of DNA damage in tadpoles at late stage studied, suggesting that the sensitivity to Dichlorvos may diminish with the development of tadpoles to the metamorphic stage. These results indicate that the early and middle that the early and middle phases of R. Megacephalus tadpoles may serve as a suitable tool for biomonitoring environmental genotoxicity using alkalka line SCGE.