CAJ | 학술논문

在惯性约束聚变能源系统这类采用多支路并联结构的同步供电装置中，气体开关的放电分散性也即随机性可能带来严重的工作可靠性和稳定性难题。石墨电极具有较好的耐烧蚀能力，但石墨电极气体开关的自击穿概率必须控制在极低的范围才能使其满足严酷的工况要求。通过模拟工况的直流静态耐压实验，分析比较了各种石墨型材空气间隙的自击穿特性，结果表明平均粒径较小的纯石墨材料制作的空气间隙具有更狭窄的自击穿电压统计分布。彼得森（Pedersen）准则可以解释此现象，同时从数学上证明了自击穿故障发生的概率服从威布尔（Weibull）分布。合理地设计工作场强对静态耐压平均值的占比（即欠压比），可以较好地将单个气体开关及整个并联供电系统的误导通概率控制在设定值之下。所得结论对石墨型气体开关在大型并联脉冲供电装置中的研制和使用具有参考意义。
재관성약속취변능원계통저류채용다지로병련결구적동보공전장치중，기체개관적방전분산성야즉수궤성가능대래엄중적공작가고성화은정성난제。석묵전겁구유교호적내소식능력，단석묵전겁기체개관적자격천개솔필수공제재겁저적범위재능사기만족엄혹적공황요구。통과모의공황적직류정태내압실험，분석비교료각충석묵형재공기간극적자격천특성，결과표명평균립경교소적순석묵재료제작적공기간극구유경협착적자격천전압통계분포。피득삼（Pedersen）준칙가이해석차현상，동시종수학상증명료자격천고장발생적개솔복종위포이（Weibull）분포。합리지설계공작장강대정태내압평균치적점비（즉흠압비），가이교호지장단개기체개관급정개병련공전계통적오도통개솔공제재설정치지하。소득결론대석묵형기체개관재대형병련맥충공전장치중적연제화사용구유삼고의의。
In a large pulsed power supply system with multiple branch parallel structure, the dispersing or randomness of the self-breakdown voltage could result in the serious problem of reliability and stability. Although the graphite electrodes have a good arc ablation-resistance：, the pre-fire probability of spark gap switches with graphite electrodes must be controlled at extremely low levels to meet the rigorous requirement. Self-breakdown statistics of different graphite spark gaps in different air pressures were experimented in simulation work conditions. The experimental results revealed that the air gap made by the superfine pure graphite with small particle size had more narrow statistical distribution of self-breakdown voltages. This phenomenon can be explained by Pedersen rule. It is proved from the point of view of mathematics that the cumulative distribution of pre-fire probability obeys the Weibull model. Reasonable designing the under-voltage ratio of the graphite spark gaps can better control the pre-fire probability of multiple branch parallel structure caused by self-breakdown.