中华流行病学杂志
中華流行病學雜誌
중화류행병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
2012年
4期
374-377
,共4页
马春娜%杨鹏%张奕%李海月%张莉%李丽丽%李超%杨育松%陈合%张松建%刘秀军%王全意
馬春娜%楊鵬%張奕%李海月%張莉%李麗麗%李超%楊育鬆%陳閤%張鬆建%劉秀軍%王全意
마춘나%양붕%장혁%리해월%장리%리려려%리초%양육송%진합%장송건%류수군%왕전의
禽流感%水禽%暴露
禽流感%水禽%暴露
금류감%수금%폭로
Avian influenza%Waterfowl%Exposure
目的 了解北京市郊区鸭养殖和屠宰从业人员的禽流感暴露及病毒感染情况.方法 2011年3-4月对北京市6个区(县)从事鸭养殖和屠宰工作的4类人群(商业化养鸭场从业人员、鸭屠宰场从业人员、个体规模化养鸭者和家庭养鸭者)进行问卷调查和血清禽流感抗体检测,了解人口统计学信息、病死禽暴露及禽流感病毒感染等情况.结果 共调查1741人,其中商业化养鸭场从业人员313人(18.0%),鸭屠宰场从业人员562人(32.3%),个体规模化养鸭者261人(15.0%),家庭养鸭者605人(34.7%).与其他3类人群接触的鸭相比,家庭养鸭者(66.8%)接触的鸭与其他禽类接触的比例最高(P<0.05).家庭养鸭者(35.2%)和鸭屠宰场从业人员(31.3%)接触的鸭没有全部接种过禽流感疫苗的比例高于商业化和个体规模化养鸭者(P<0.05).家庭养鸭者中养殖环境清洗频率>4次/月(8.8%)、消毒频率>12次/年(27.3%)的人员所占比例均最低(P<0.05).家庭养鸭者暴露因素中在手有伤口时徒手接触鸭的人员所占比例最高(34.4%)(P<0.05).病死禽暴露情况中,家庭养鸭者接触病死禽时不采取任何防护措施的人员所占比例最高(70.8%)(P<0.05).1741人中,未发现禽流感病毒H5、H7亚型感染,H9亚型抗体阳性12人(阳性率为0.7%),其中10人为家庭养鸭者(阳性率为1.7%),4类人群中H9亚型抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=13.699,P<0.05).结论 家庭养鸭者感染禽流感的风险高于其他3类人群(商业化养鸭场从业人员、鸭屠宰场从业人员、个体规模化养鸭者),个体规模化养鸭者和家庭养鸭者接触病死禽时防护较差,应根据各人群特点进行有针对的干预.
目的 瞭解北京市郊區鴨養殖和屠宰從業人員的禽流感暴露及病毒感染情況.方法 2011年3-4月對北京市6箇區(縣)從事鴨養殖和屠宰工作的4類人群(商業化養鴨場從業人員、鴨屠宰場從業人員、箇體規模化養鴨者和傢庭養鴨者)進行問捲調查和血清禽流感抗體檢測,瞭解人口統計學信息、病死禽暴露及禽流感病毒感染等情況.結果 共調查1741人,其中商業化養鴨場從業人員313人(18.0%),鴨屠宰場從業人員562人(32.3%),箇體規模化養鴨者261人(15.0%),傢庭養鴨者605人(34.7%).與其他3類人群接觸的鴨相比,傢庭養鴨者(66.8%)接觸的鴨與其他禽類接觸的比例最高(P<0.05).傢庭養鴨者(35.2%)和鴨屠宰場從業人員(31.3%)接觸的鴨沒有全部接種過禽流感疫苗的比例高于商業化和箇體規模化養鴨者(P<0.05).傢庭養鴨者中養殖環境清洗頻率>4次/月(8.8%)、消毒頻率>12次/年(27.3%)的人員所佔比例均最低(P<0.05).傢庭養鴨者暴露因素中在手有傷口時徒手接觸鴨的人員所佔比例最高(34.4%)(P<0.05).病死禽暴露情況中,傢庭養鴨者接觸病死禽時不採取任何防護措施的人員所佔比例最高(70.8%)(P<0.05).1741人中,未髮現禽流感病毒H5、H7亞型感染,H9亞型抗體暘性12人(暘性率為0.7%),其中10人為傢庭養鴨者(暘性率為1.7%),4類人群中H9亞型抗體暘性率差異有統計學意義(x2=13.699,P<0.05).結論 傢庭養鴨者感染禽流感的風險高于其他3類人群(商業化養鴨場從業人員、鴨屠宰場從業人員、箇體規模化養鴨者),箇體規模化養鴨者和傢庭養鴨者接觸病死禽時防護較差,應根據各人群特點進行有針對的榦預.
목적 료해북경시교구압양식화도재종업인원적금류감폭로급병독감염정황.방법 2011년3-4월대북경시6개구(현)종사압양식화도재공작적4류인군(상업화양압장종업인원、압도재장종업인원、개체규모화양압자화가정양압자)진행문권조사화혈청금류감항체검측,료해인구통계학신식、병사금폭로급금류감병독감염등정황.결과 공조사1741인,기중상업화양압장종업인원313인(18.0%),압도재장종업인원562인(32.3%),개체규모화양압자261인(15.0%),가정양압자605인(34.7%).여기타3류인군접촉적압상비,가정양압자(66.8%)접촉적압여기타금류접촉적비례최고(P<0.05).가정양압자(35.2%)화압도재장종업인원(31.3%)접촉적압몰유전부접충과금류감역묘적비례고우상업화화개체규모화양압자(P<0.05).가정양압자중양식배경청세빈솔>4차/월(8.8%)、소독빈솔>12차/년(27.3%)적인원소점비례균최저(P<0.05).가정양압자폭로인소중재수유상구시도수접촉압적인원소점비례최고(34.4%)(P<0.05).병사금폭로정황중,가정양압자접촉병사금시불채취임하방호조시적인원소점비례최고(70.8%)(P<0.05).1741인중,미발현금류감병독H5、H7아형감염,H9아형항체양성12인(양성솔위0.7%),기중10인위가정양압자(양성솔위1.7%),4류인군중H9아형항체양성솔차이유통계학의의(x2=13.699,P<0.05).결론 가정양압자감염금류감적풍험고우기타3류인군(상업화양압장종업인원、압도재장종업인원、개체규모화양압자),개체규모화양압자화가정양압자접촉병사금시방호교차,응근거각인군특점진행유침대적간예.
Objective To understand the exposure and the infection status of virus among people engaging in breeding or butchering ducks in the suburb of Beijing.Methods People from six districts (Daxing,Fangshan,Huairou,Miyun,Shunyi,Tongzhou) who engaged in breeding or butchering ducks were studied and the status of infecting avian influenza virus was obtained by testing antibody level in serum.Information on demographic characteristics,status of regular exposure and exposure to sick or dead poultry were collected through a self-designed questionnaire.Results 1741people were involved in this study in which 313 (18.0% ) were workers in duck-breeding enterprise,562 (32.3%) were workers in duck slaughterhouse,261 (15.0%) farmers were in individualsmall-scale duck farms,605 (34.7%) were farmers raising duck in backyard.Among farmers raising duck in backyard,the percentage of people whose ducks ever contacted with wild birds was higher than the other three groups (66.8%)(P<0.05).Among farmers who bred their ducks in the backyard (35.2%) and those abattoir workers (31.3% ),the percentage of people who had contacted ducks but not been vaccinated with avian influenza vaccine was higher than the other two groups (P<0.05).Regarding the status on cleaning and disinfection among the studied farmers who had bred their ducks in the backyard,the percentage of people who had closer contact with ducks would clean the settings more than 4 times per month (8.8%) and disinfected those places more than 12 times per year (27.3%) but still lower than the other three groups (P<0.05).Among those farmers who bred ducks in the backyard,the percentage of people who had ever touched duck with their hands was high (34.4%) (P< 0.05).Regarding exposure to sick or dead poultry,higher proportion was found among those who had ever closely contacted sick or dead poultry commercial duck raisers (36.1%) and individuals who raise large amount of ducks (36.0%).70.8% of the individual duck raisers had never taken any protective measures when closely contacting the sick or dead poultry.Among 1741 samples,0 were positive to avian influenza virus H5 and H7 subtypes.12 were positive to H9 subtype (positive rate was 0.7% ),in which 10 were farmers raising ducks in backyard (the positive rate of 1.7% ).Differences between H9 subtype antibody positive rates difference in 4 population groups were statistically significant (x2=13.699,P<0.05).Conclusion Farmers who bred their ducks in the backyard had greater risk of contracting the avian influenza.Individual duckers who raise ducks in large scale and the farmers who bred their ducks in the backyard were in lack of protective measures when contacting the sick or dead poultry.Our findings suggested that some intervention measures should be taken to reduce the risk of avian influenza infection.