CAJ | 학술논문

目的掌握青海省湟源县饮水型地方性氟中毒病情变化和防治措施落实效果.方法 2009年将湟源县所有地方性氟中毒病区村按改水前水含氟量分为轻、中两类,分别抽取1、2个病区村作为监测点,共抽取3个监测村;每村采集出厂水和末梢水水样进行水氟测定;对监测村所有8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查,并按年龄组采集儿童尿样进行尿氟测定;对监测村16岁及以上成人进行临床氟骨症检查,并采集20人份的尿样,检测尿氟;在3个监测村中选择1个村进行X线氟骨症检查.按照<生活饮用水标准检验方法非金属指标>(GB/T 5750.6-2006)测定水氟,尿氟测定采用氟离子选择电极法(WS/T 89-1996),氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法,成人氟骨症诊断按<地方性氟骨症临床诊断标准>(WS 192-2008).结果共检测12份水样,水氟为(0.35 ±0.43)mg/L.共检查8～12岁儿童122名,氟斑牙检出率为34.43%(42/122);检测96例儿童尿样,尿氟几何均数为0.89 mg/L.对834名16岁及以上成人进行氟骨症检查,临床氟骨症检出率为47.72%(398/834):检测65例成人尿样,尿氟几何均数为1.10 mg/L;对甘沟村35名成人进行了X线氟骨症检查,检出率为31.4%(11/35).结论湟源县的3个监测村饮用水含氟量正常,但氟中毒病情仍然很严重,应密切监测,分析原因,改进防治措施.
목적 장악청해성황원현음수형지방성불중독병정변화화방치조시락실효과.방법 2009년장황원현소유지방성불중독병구촌안개수전수함불량분위경、중량류,분별추취1、2개병구촌작위감측점,공추취3개감측촌;매촌채집출엄수화말소수수양진행수불측정;대감측촌소유8～12세인동진행불반아검사,병안년령조채집인동뇨양진행뇨불측정;대감측촌16세급이상성인진행림상불골증검사,병채집20인빈적뇨양,검측뇨불;재3개감측촌중선택1개촌진행X선불골증검사.안조<생활음용수표준검험방법비금속지표>(GB/T 5750.6-2006)측정수불,뇨불측정채용불리자선택전겁법(WS/T 89-1996),불반아진단채용Dean법,성인불골증진단안<지방성불골증림상진단표준>(WS 192-2008).결과 공검측12빈수양,수불위(0.35 ±0.43)mg/L.공검사8～12세인동122명,불반아검출솔위34.43%(42/122);검측96례인동뇨양,뇨불궤하균수위0.89 mg/L.대834명16세급이상성인진행불골증검사,림상불골증검출솔위47.72%(398/834):검측65례성인뇨양,뇨불궤하균수위1.10 mg/L;대감구촌35명성인진행료X선불골증검사,검출솔위31.4%(11/35).결론 황원현적3개감측촌음용수함불량정상,단불중독병정잉연흔엄중,응밀절감측,분석원인,개진방치조시.
Objective To investigate the prevalence change of drinking water type of endemic fluorosis and the effect of control measures implemented in Huangyuan county of Qinghai province. Methods In 2009, all the endemic fluorosis villages in Huangyuan county were divided into two degrees, light and medium, according to the water fluorosis content before implementing the improving water project, 1 to 2 villages were selected from each degree village, respectively,as monitoring sites, and a total of 3 villages were selected. Source water and tap water samples were collected from each village and water fluoride concentration was determined. Dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 to 12 of monitoring villages was examined, and urine samples were collected by age group of children for determination of urinary fluoride. Clinical skeletal fluorosis of adults over 16 years of age was examined, and 20 copies of adults urine samples were collected to determine urinary fluoride. One village was selected in the 3 villages monitored to conduct X-rays examination of skeletal fluorosis. Water fluoride was tested in accordance with the "Non-metallic Targets Test Methods for Drinking Water" (GB/T 5750.6-2006); urinary fluoride was tested by fluoride ion-selective electrode method (WS/T 89-1996); dental fluorosis was diagnosed using Dean method;adult skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed by "Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis"(WS 192-2008). Results Twelve water samples were assayed, water fluoride was (0.35 ± 0.43) mg/L. The detectable rate of dental fluorosis of 122 children aged 8-12 was 34.43%(42/122) and the geometric mean urinary fluoride was 0.89 mg/L of the 96 children. Of the 834 adults aged 16 and over, clinical detection of skeletal fluorosis was 47.72% (398/836) and geometric mean urinary fluoride was 1.10 mg/L of the 65 cases of adult urine samples assayed, detection rate of X-rays was 31.4% (11/35) in Gangou village of the 35 adults examined.Conclusions In Huangyuan county, water fluoride of the 3 surveyed villages are normal but the endemic fluorosis is still serious. It should strengthen monitoring and analyze the causes and improve prevention measures.