CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解杭州、太原和贵阳市在校中学生吸烟现状及其影响因素.方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在杭州、太原和贵阳市选取11171名中学生采用自填问卷收集数据,调查烟草使用、烟草广告暴露情况、对烟草广告的感知度和易感性、二手烟暴露及知识、态度和行为.对调查数据进行加权调整,然后采用SPSS 15.0软件复杂抽样方法进行数据分析.利用可信区间判断分析指标在不同人群间差异是否有统计学意义,复杂抽样的logistic回归用于青少年吸烟影响因素的筛选分析.结果 3个城市11 171名在校学生总的尝试吸烟率为26.2％(95％ CI:23.6～29.1),其中男生为39.9％,女生为12.5％；现在吸烟率为12.5％(95％CI:11.1～14.2),其中男生为21.9％,女生为3.2％；不同类型学校学生的吸烟率有所不同,职业中学最高(25.8％),高中次之(7.9％),初中最低(6.3％)；不同城市学生的吸烟率有所不同,经济状况越好,吸烟率越低.开始吸第一支烟的平均年龄为11.9岁；近半数吸烟学生没有戒烟打算.拥有烟草促销产品、希望拥有烟草促销产品、好朋友中有人吸烟、家人中有人吸烟、周围朋友对自己吸烟的态度、对吸烟的一些错误看法(如低估吸烟的危害和戒烟的难度、认为“吸烟是一种重要的社交方式”和“吸烟使人显得成熟”)均为青少年吸烟的危险因素.结论 3个城市在校中学生吸烟仍以男性为主,经济状况越差的城市吸烟率越高.此外,女生吸烟率已经高于成年女性,值得关注.建议尽快开展青少年控烟干预,尤其是经济较为落后的地区.
목적 료해항주、태원화귀양시재교중학생흡연현상급기영향인소.방법 채용분층정군수궤추양적방법,재항주、태원화귀양시선취11171명중학생채용자전문권수집수거,조사연초사용、연초엄고폭로정황、대연초엄고적감지도화역감성、이수연폭로급지식、태도화행위.대조사수거진행가권조정,연후채용SPSS 15.0연건복잡추양방법진행수거분석.이용가신구간판단분석지표재불동인군간차이시부유통계학의의,복잡추양적logistic회귀용우청소년흡연영향인소적사선분석.결과 3개성시11 171명재교학생총적상시흡연솔위26.2％(95％ CI:23.6～29.1),기중남생위39.9％,녀생위12.5％；현재흡연솔위12.5％(95％CI:11.1～14.2),기중남생위21.9％,녀생위3.2％；불동류형학교학생적흡연솔유소불동,직업중학최고(25.8％),고중차지(7.9％),초중최저(6.3％)；불동성시학생적흡연솔유소불동,경제상황월호,흡연솔월저.개시흡제일지연적평균년령위11.9세；근반수흡연학생몰유계연타산.옹유연초촉소산품、희망옹유연초촉소산품、호붕우중유인흡연、가인중유인흡연、주위붕우대자기흡연적태도、대흡연적일사착오간법(여저고흡연적위해화계연적난도、인위“흡연시일충중요적사교방식”화“흡연사인현득성숙”)균위청소년흡연적위험인소.결론 3개성시재교중학생흡연잉이남성위주,경제상황월차적성시흡연솔월고.차외,녀생흡연솔이경고우성년녀성,치득관주.건의진쾌개전청소년공연간예,우기시경제교위락후적지구.
Objective To understand the smoking status and related factors in middle school students from Hangzhou,Taiyuan and Guiyang cites.Methods A cross-sectional survey was adopted with 11 171 students randomly selected through a stratified cluster sampling method.A selfadministrated questionnaire survey was employed,which including the information of respondents' background characteristics,cigarette smoking,exposure to tobacco advertisement,recognition on indirect tobacco advertisement,exposure to second-hand smoke,related knowledge,attitude and perceptions towards tobacco use etc.Data was weighted by the amount of male and female students in junior high,senior high and vocational middle schools in the above said three cities and was analyzed by complex sampling analysis methods of SPSS 15.0.Confidence Intervals of each indicator were used to evaluate for difference between groups.Logistic regression was used to explore the potential factors associated with smoking in youths.Results The overall attempted smoking rate of the three cities was 26.2％ (95％ CI:23.6-29.1 ),with male as 39.9％ and female 12.5％ respectively.The current smoking rate was 12.5％ (95％CI:11.1-14.2 ) with boys as 21.9％ and girls as 3.2％.The smoking rate were different among three kinds of schools,with vocational school was the highest (25.8％),followed by senior high (7.9％) and junior high (6.3％).The rate of smoking was different among cities,lower with better economic situation.The average age of debut was 11.9 years old.Nearly half of the students who smoked had no intention to quit.Factors that associated with smoking would include:having or wishing to have tobacco promotion products,having friends or families who smoke,their friends' attitude towards smoking behavior,and misconceptions about smoking such as underestimate the harm of smoking and the difficulty of quitting,realizing that smoking was an important way for social contact,and to be seen as being matured etc.Conclusion Boys are much more likely than girls to smoke cigarette.Smoking prevalence is much higher in low-income cities.Additianally,it should be concerned that girls has higher smoking rate than female adults.It is urgent for tobacco control among adolescents,especially in low-income area in China.