CAJ | 학술논문

用2000～2003年自兽医临床分离的393株大肠杆菌,对9种常用抗生素的敏感性进行了检测.依据菌株采集时间、菌株来源对菌株耐药性的变化及耐药性产生之间的相关性进行了较全面的统计分析,并随机选出39株典型的多重耐药菌株观察了对小鼠的致病性.结果显示,393株分离菌对四环素、庆大霉素、氯霉素、氨苄青霉素、利福平、卡那霉素、呋喃妥因、链霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率分别为93.89%, 57.76%,78.63%, 77.86%,92.11%, 47.33%,46.82%, 76.84%,74.81%;按照耐药种类可将分离菌株分为8类,最多耐药9种,最少耐药2种,约80%以上的菌株耐受7种所试药物.猪源大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素的耐药率高,而鸡源大肠杆菌对四环素、氯霉素、链霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率显著高于猪源大肠杆菌.2000年和2003年分离菌株的耐药率相比,氯霉素从67.33%上升到90.58%,氨苄青霉素从71.29%上升到84.81%,链霉素从73.76%上升到80.10%,环丙沙星从61.88%上升到88.48%,庆大霉素却从61.39%下降到53.92%.95%的菌株(37/39)可直接在72 h内致死感染小鼠(2.0×107CFU·鼠-1).5%不能直接致死小鼠的菌株经小鼠体内2～3次传代,可直接致死感染小鼠.试验表明,兽医临床分离菌株普遍存在多重耐药性,并随分离时间、寄主种类等耐药率出现动态变化,耐药类型间具有一定的相关性.耐药菌株对小鼠仍具有很强的致病性,少数菌株致病性出现暂时减弱,但在体内几次传代即可恢复.
용2000～2003년자수의림상분리적393주대장간균,대9충상용항생소적민감성진행료검측.의거균주채집시간、균주래원대균주내약성적변화급내약성산생지간적상관성진행료교전면적통계분석,병수궤선출39주전형적다중내약균주관찰료대소서적치병성.결과현시,393주분리균대사배소、경대매소、록매소、안변청매소、리복평、잡나매소、부남타인、련매소화배병사성적내약솔분별위93.89%, 57.76%,78.63%, 77.86%,92.11%, 47.33%,46.82%, 76.84%,74.81%;안조내약충류가장분리균주분위8류,최다내약9충,최소내약2충,약80%이상적균주내수7충소시약물.저원대장간균대경대매소、안변청매소、잡나매소적내약솔고,이계원대장간균대사배소、록매소、련매소화배병사성적내약솔현저고우저원대장간균.2000년화2003년분리균주적내약솔상비,록매소종67.33%상승도90.58%,안변청매소종71.29%상승도84.81%,련매소종73.76%상승도80.10%,배병사성종61.88%상승도88.48%,경대매소각종61.39%하강도53.92%.95%적균주(37/39)가직접재72 h내치사감염소서(2.0×107CFU·서-1).5%불능직접치사소서적균주경소서체내2～3차전대,가직접치사감염소서.시험표명,수의림상분리균주보편존재다중내약성,병수분리시간、기주충류등내약솔출현동태변화,내약류형간구유일정적상관성.내약균주대소서잉구유흔강적치병성,소수균주치병성출현잠시감약,단재체내궤차전대즉가회복.
The susceptibility to 9 kinds of antibiotics of 393 animal pathogenic E. coli isolated from clinical samples was determined from 2000 to 2003. The resistance to TC, GM, CMP, AMP, RA, KM, FT, SM and CIP were 93.89%, 57.76%,78.63%, 77.86%, 92.11% ,47.33%, 46.82%, 76.84% and 74.81%, respectively. The isolates could be classified into eight classes according to the number of drugs to which srains were resistant. The resistance spectrum of the isolates varied from 2to 9 kinds of the above drugs. The strains that were resistant to seven kinds of drugs were more than 80 percent. The resistance rates of swine origin strains to GM,AMP and KM were higher than those of poultry origin strains, while the resistance rates of poultry origin strains to TC, CMP, SM and CIP were higher remarkably than those of swine origins. The frequency of resistance increased from 2000 to 2003,which was from 67.33% to 90.58% for CMP, 71.29% to 84.81% for AMP, 73.76%to 80.10% for SM and 61.88% to 88.48% for CIP. At the same time, the resistance rate of GM decreased from 61.39% to 53.92%. Thirty-seven strains (95 %) could make all the Kunming mice die within 72 h injected intraperitoneally with the culmice three times in vivo. The pathogenicity of wild strains with drug resistance acquired naturaly to mice did not decline.