CAJ | 학술논문

基于分级加载单轴抗压蠕变试验,研究世界文化遗产云冈石窟9,10,12窟窟前立柱岩体的长期强度,并对其长期承载力学性能进行评价.研究结果表明:(1) 云冈石窟9,10,12窟窟前立柱岩体的岩性主要为砂岩,岩性单一,结构面不发育,属整体块状岩体结构类型,工程地质条件良好.(2) 立柱岩体中粗粒砂岩的长期强度低于中粒、中细粒砂岩的长期强度.其根本原因在于,中粗粒砂岩的胶结物类型是泥质胶结;其中含有微量的蒙脱石,在长期的风化过程中,与水作用后,易发生淋滤作用和溶蚀作用,次生裂隙相对较发育.(3) 高含水量状态下,中粗粒砂岩的长期强度为20.22 MPa,比其在低含水量状态下的长期强度降低44.31%.按云冈石窟立柱应力最大值出现在10窟西柱的上部(1.31 MPa)计,中粗粒砂岩立柱岩体的安全系数为15.4.因此,9,10,12窟窟前立柱岩体的长期承载力学性能良好.建议尽快修复和搭建窟檐,避免雨水对石窟的冲刷,同时还能调节窟内温度与湿度,减轻风化剥蚀.计算9,10,12窟窟前立柱最大可以承载的窟檐质量,供有关建筑设计和文物保护部门参考.这些研究结果和建议对于云冈石窟的保护具有一定的指导意义.
기우분급가재단축항압연변시험,연구세계문화유산운강석굴9,10,12굴굴전립주암체적장기강도,병대기장기승재역학성능진행평개.연구결과표명:(1) 운강석굴9,10,12굴굴전립주암체적암성주요위사암,암성단일,결구면불발육,속정체괴상암체결구류형,공정지질조건량호.(2) 립주암체중조립사암적장기강도저우중립、중세립사암적장기강도.기근본원인재우,중조립사암적효결물류형시니질효결;기중함유미량적몽탈석,재장기적풍화과정중,여수작용후,역발생림려작용화용식작용,차생렬극상대교발육.(3) 고함수량상태하,중조립사암적장기강도위20.22 MPa,비기재저함수량상태하적장기강도강저44.31%.안운강석굴립주응력최대치출현재10굴서주적상부(1.31 MPa)계,중조립사암립주암체적안전계수위15.4.인차,9,10,12굴굴전립주암체적장기승재역학성능량호.건의진쾌수복화탑건굴첨,피면우수대석굴적충쇄,동시환능조절굴내온도여습도,감경풍화박식.계산9,10,12굴굴전립주최대가이승재적굴첨질량,공유관건축설계화문물보호부문삼고.저사연구결과화건의대우운강석굴적보호구유일정적지도의의.
Based on the uniaxial creep experiment with step-loading,the long term strength of pillar rockmass before grottoes No.9,10,20 at the world culture heritage Yungang Grottoes is studied and the long term mechanical properties is also evaluated. The results show that:(1) the pillar rockmass mainly composed of sandstones is with a good geological environment such as a single type of rock and good structure without developed joint. (2) the long term strength of the medium coarse-grained sandstones is lower than that of the medium-grained and medium fine-grained sandstones. The reasons for these are that the medium coarse-grained sandstone is argillaceous cementing and it contains montmorilonites which easily make reactions with water molecules resulting in the rockmass joints relatively developed. and (3) under condition of high moist content,the long term strength of the medium coarse-grained sandstones is about 20.22 MPa dropping 44.31% than that under condition of low moist content,and the safety stability factor of the pillar rockmass is 15.4 if the maximum stress numerical value(1.31 MPa) occurs on the upper of the western pillar of the grotto No.10. It is suggested that the rehabilitating should be implemented as soon as possible for the protection of the grottoes from the rain erosion and weathering. The maximum quality the pillar rockmass can bear can be a reference for related departments of architectural design and relics protection. The study results and suggest possess guiding significance for protecting Yungang Grottoes.