CAJ | 학술논문

柱花草属(Slylosanthes Sw.)约含50个种(包括二倍体和多倍体),染色体基数x=10,是热带和亚热带地区的优良豆科牧草,其中圭亚那柱花草(S.guianensis Sw.)、有钩柱花草(S.hamata(L.)Taub.)、西卡柱花草(S.scabra Vog.)、矮柱花草(S.humills Kunth)和灌木柱花草(S.seeabrana B.L.Maass &'t Mannetje)的种植面积最广.由于柱花草产量高、营养丰富、栽培容易且用途广泛(可用于青稞饲料、调制干草和干草粉、牧地种植、果树间种、水土保持及绿肥等),被许多国家用于热带和亚热带农业生产中,如亚洲的中国、印度、泰国和马来西亚等,澳洲的澳大利亚,美洲的美国、哥伦比亚、巴西和古巴,以及非洲的尼日利亚等.该文对柱花草种质资源的系统学、种质收集、评价、利用及育种等方面的研究进展进行了系统的概括和归纳,并展望了当前柱花草研究的热点领域和亟待解决的问题.
주화초속(Slylosanthes Sw.)약함50개충(포괄이배체화다배체),염색체기수x=10,시열대화아열대지구적우량두과목초,기중규아나주화초(S.guianensis Sw.)、유구주화초(S.hamata(L.)Taub.)、서잡주화초(S.scabra Vog.)、왜주화초(S.humills Kunth)화관목주화초(S.seeabrana B.L.Maass &'t Mannetje)적충식면적최엄.유우주화초산량고、영양봉부、재배용역차용도엄범(가용우청과사료、조제간초화간초분、목지충식、과수간충、수토보지급록비등),피허다국가용우열대화아열대농업생산중,여아주적중국、인도、태국화마래서아등,오주적오대리아,미주적미국、가륜비아、파서화고파,이급비주적니일리아등.해문대주화초충질자원적계통학、충질수집、평개、이용급육충등방면적연구진전진행료계통적개괄화귀납,병전망료당전주화초연구적열점영역화극대해결적문제.
The genus Stylosanthes Sw., the excellent tropical and subtropical legume forage system, consists of approximately 50 diploid or polyploid species and a common number of basic chromosomes (x =10). Five species of this genus, S. guianensis Sw., S. hamata (L.) Taub., S. scabra Vog., S. humilis Kunth and S. seabrana B. L. Maass & 't Mannetje, are the most widely planted. Because Stylosanthes has high yield, is nutrient rich, is easy to plant and has multiple purposes (e.g., for barley feed, seasoning for hay or hay powder, planting in pastures, intercropping with fruit trees, soil and water conservation and green manure), the genus has been used for agricultural production in tropical and subtropical regions of many countries, including China, India, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia, the United States, Colombia, Brazil, Cuba, and Nigeria. This review describes research ad-vances in the germplasm resources of Stylosanthes in terms of biological characteristics, distribution, phylogenetic relationships, collection, evaluation, utilization, breeding and genetic diversity and discusses prospects of the research and several problems demanding prompt solution in Stylosanthes.