华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA
2009年
z2期
30-34
,共5页
玉米%群体改良%性状%控制双亲混合选择%半同胞-S2:3轮回选择
玉米%群體改良%性狀%控製雙親混閤選擇%半同胞-S2:3輪迴選擇
옥미%군체개량%성상%공제쌍친혼합선택%반동포-S2:3륜회선택
Maize%Recurrent selection%Traits%biparental mass selection (MS)%Half-sib-S2 : 3 family combining selection (HS-S2:3)
研究了控制双亲混合选择和半同胞-S2:3(HS-S2:3)轮回选择对2个玉米基础群体P_4C_0和P_5C_0主要性状的改良效果.结果表明,对于基础群体P_4C_0,其改良群体P_4HSC_1、P_4MSC_1和P_4MSC_2的单株产量分别比P_4C_0提高21.64%,10.29%和8.70%,达显著或极显著水平;对于基础群体P_5C_0,其改良群体P_5HSC_1的单株产量比P_5C_0降低7.53%,达显著水平;改良群体P_5MSC_1和P_5MSC_2平均单株产量变化与P_5C_0相比,分别降低和提高了2.67%和3.65%,均未达到显著水平.控制双亲混合选择改良群体,其产量的显著改进伴随着株高和穗位高的显著增加;HS-S2:3轮回选择改良群体,不同基础群体,其产量和株高、穗位高的改良效果不同.两种选择方法改良群体,多数性状的表型变异系数随着选择的进行有所下降,但也有部分性状变异系数变化较小或有所增大,群体内仍保持了较丰富的遗传变异,且以控制双亲混合选择保持群体遗传多样性的效果更好.
研究瞭控製雙親混閤選擇和半同胞-S2:3(HS-S2:3)輪迴選擇對2箇玉米基礎群體P_4C_0和P_5C_0主要性狀的改良效果.結果錶明,對于基礎群體P_4C_0,其改良群體P_4HSC_1、P_4MSC_1和P_4MSC_2的單株產量分彆比P_4C_0提高21.64%,10.29%和8.70%,達顯著或極顯著水平;對于基礎群體P_5C_0,其改良群體P_5HSC_1的單株產量比P_5C_0降低7.53%,達顯著水平;改良群體P_5MSC_1和P_5MSC_2平均單株產量變化與P_5C_0相比,分彆降低和提高瞭2.67%和3.65%,均未達到顯著水平.控製雙親混閤選擇改良群體,其產量的顯著改進伴隨著株高和穗位高的顯著增加;HS-S2:3輪迴選擇改良群體,不同基礎群體,其產量和株高、穗位高的改良效果不同.兩種選擇方法改良群體,多數性狀的錶型變異繫數隨著選擇的進行有所下降,但也有部分性狀變異繫數變化較小或有所增大,群體內仍保持瞭較豐富的遺傳變異,且以控製雙親混閤選擇保持群體遺傳多樣性的效果更好.
연구료공제쌍친혼합선택화반동포-S2:3(HS-S2:3)륜회선택대2개옥미기출군체P_4C_0화P_5C_0주요성상적개량효과.결과표명,대우기출군체P_4C_0,기개량군체P_4HSC_1、P_4MSC_1화P_4MSC_2적단주산량분별비P_4C_0제고21.64%,10.29%화8.70%,체현저혹겁현저수평;대우기출군체P_5C_0,기개량군체P_5HSC_1적단주산량비P_5C_0강저7.53%,체현저수평;개량군체P_5MSC_1화P_5MSC_2평균단주산량변화여P_5C_0상비,분별강저화제고료2.67%화3.65%,균미체도현저수평.공제쌍친혼합선택개량군체,기산량적현저개진반수착주고화수위고적현저증가;HS-S2:3륜회선택개량군체,불동기출군체,기산량화주고、수위고적개량효과불동.량충선택방법개량군체,다수성상적표형변이계수수착선택적진행유소하강,단야유부분성상변이계수변화교소혹유소증대,군체내잉보지료교봉부적유전변이,차이공제쌍친혼합선택보지군체유전다양성적효과경호.
In this article,the effects of biparental mass selection(MS) and half-sib-S3 family combining selection(HS-S2:3) on the major traits of the two maize populations were studied. The results indicated that the increase of grain yield per plant of P_4HSC_1, P_4MSC_1 and P_4MSC_2 was 21.64% , 10.29% and 8.70% compare to that of P_4C_0,respeetively,a significant or extreme significant progress was made. There was a significant decrease for 7. 53% compare to that of P_5C_0 in grain yield per plant of P_5HSC_1. The increase of grain yield per plant of P_5MSC_1 and P_5MSC_2 was -2.67% and 3.65% ,the difference was not significant. The height of plant and ear increased significantly with the increase of grain yield in a mass selection program. The effects of HS-S2:3 on the height of plant and ear were different for the two populations. The performance of major traits changed and the phenotypic variation coefficients of most traits decreased with the advance of improvement. The MS was better in maintaining the genetic diversity of populations.
