CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平，为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法 2009年，选择以往调查中非碘盐率＞5％的德令哈市和碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率≤80％的久治县、乌兰县、囊谦县、杂多县、格尔木市、玉树县、甘德县、称多县、都兰县以及儿童尿碘中位数＜ 100 μg/L的湟源县共11个县（市）作为监测地区。每个县（市）按东、西、南、北、中抽取5个乡（镇），每个乡（镇）抽取1所学校，每所学校抽取60名学生采集家中食用盐样，采用直接滴定法(GB/T 13025.7-1999)检测盐碘；同时在每个县（市）抽取3个乡（镇）,每个乡（镇）抽取2所学校，每所学校抽取40名8～10岁学生及学校周边20名18 ～40岁育龄妇女采集尿样，采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T 107-2006)检测尿碘。结果共检测居民户食用盐样3261份，碘盐覆盖率为79.88％,碘盐合格率为95.16％，合格碘盐食用率为76.02％，非碘盐率为20.12％,囊谦县、杂多县、玉树县和格尔木市非碘盐率分别为88.89％、45.05％、43.00％和12.67％。共检测2536名8～ 10岁儿童尿样，尿碘中位数为155.8μg/L，其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占13.6％(346/2536)，＞100 μg/L的占67.5％(1711/2536)，囊谦县和杂多县儿童尿碘中位数分别为75.1、94.6 μg/L;共检测665名育龄妇女尿样，尿碘中位数为129.7 μg/L，其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占22.7％( 151/665),＞100 μg/L的占59.2％( 394/665)，杂多县、囊谦县和称多县育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为21.0、54.7、72.7 μg/L。结论青海省碘缺乏病高危地区儿童及育龄妇女存在碘摄入不足，应尽快纠正这些地区儿童和育龄妇女碘营养偏低状况。
목적 료해청해성전결핍병고위지구중점인군전영양수평，위제정방치조시제공과학의거。방법 2009년，선택이왕조사중비전염솔＞5％적덕령합시화전염복개솔、합격전염식용솔≤80％적구치현、오란현、낭겸현、잡다현、격이목시、옥수현、감덕현、칭다현、도란현이급인동뇨전중위수＜ 100 μg/L적황원현공11개현（시）작위감측지구。매개현（시）안동、서、남、북、중추취5개향（진），매개향（진）추취1소학교，매소학교추취60명학생채집가중식용염양，채용직접적정법(GB/T 13025.7-1999)검측염전；동시재매개현（시）추취3개향（진）,매개향（진）추취2소학교，매소학교추취40명8～10세학생급학교주변20명18 ～40세육령부녀채집뇨양，채용과류산안소화신시최화분광광도법(WS/T 107-2006)검측뇨전。결과 공검측거민호식용염양3261빈，전염복개솔위79.88％,전염합격솔위95.16％，합격전염식용솔위76.02％，비전염솔위20.12％,낭겸현、잡다현、옥수현화격이목시비전염솔분별위88.89％、45.05％、43.00％화12.67％。공검측2536명8～ 10세인동뇨양，뇨전중위수위155.8μg/L，기중뇨전≤50μg/L적점13.6％(346/2536)，＞100 μg/L적점67.5％(1711/2536)，낭겸현화잡다현인동뇨전중위수분별위75.1、94.6 μg/L;공검측665명육령부녀뇨양，뇨전중위수위129.7 μg/L，기중뇨전≤50μg/L적점22.7％( 151/665),＞100 μg/L적점59.2％( 394/665)，잡다현、낭겸현화칭다현육령부녀뇨전중위수분별위21.0、54.7、72.7 μg/L。결론 청해성전결핍병고위지구인동급육령부녀존재전섭입불족，응진쾌규정저사지구인동화육령부녀전영양편저상황。
Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition level of the vulnerable population in the high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders for providing a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures in Qinghai province. Methods The non-iodized salt coverage rate ＞ 5％ of Delingha city, the coverage rate of iodized salt and the rate of qualified iodized salt ≤80％ of Jiuzhi, Wulan, Nangqian, Zaduo, Geermu,Yushu, Gande, Chengduo, and Dulan counties(cities), the median of urinary iodine ＜ 100 μg/L of Huangyuan county of 11 areas were chosen as monitoring area in 2009. Five townships(towns) were selected by their location of east, west, south, north and center in each county (city), and one school was selected in each township (town),and 60 household salt samples were collected in each school, and quantitatively determined by direct titration of iodine(GB/T 13025.7-1999). Three townships(towns) were selected in each county(city), and two schools were selected in each township(town). The content of urinary iodine of 40 children aged 8 - 10 and 20 women of childbearing age aged 18 - 40 was analyzed by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006). Results Three thousand two hundred and sixty-one edible salt samples were tested. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 79.88％.The iodized salt qualification rate was 95.16％. The qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 76.02％. The noniodized salt coverage rate was 20.12％. In Nangqian, Zaduo, Yushu and Geermu counties(cities), the non-iodized salt coverage rate was 88.89％, 45.05％, 43.00％ and 12.67％, respectively. The median of urine iodine of 2536 children aged 8 - 10 was 155.8 μg/L, with ≤50 μg/L about 13.6％ (346/2536), ＞ 100 μg/L about 67.5％(1711/2536), and it was 75.1, 94.6 μg/L in Nangqian and Zaduo counties, respectively. The median of urine iodine of 665 women of childbearing age was 129.7 μg/L, with ≤50 μg/L about 22.7％(151/665), ＞ 100 μg/L about 59.2％(394/665), and it was 21.0, 54.7, 72.7 μg/L in Zaduo, Nangqian and Chengduo counties, respectively.Conclusions Insufficient intake of iodine exits in children and women of childbearing age in high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders in Qinghai province, which should be corrected as soon as possible.