CAJ | 학술논문

在田间条件下,采用开放式气路测定了小麦旗叶光合功能的相关指标,研究了施氮量对超高产小麦旗叶开花期荧光动力学参数的影响.结果表明,氮素对超高产小麦开花期的荧光动力学参数和光合特性有较大的调节作用.随着光照时间的延长,小麦旗叶的荧光参数ΦPSⅡ(作用光存在时PSⅡ实际的光化学量子效率)、qP(光化学猝灭系数)、F'v/F'm(开放的PSII反应中心的激发能捕获效率)、NPQ(非光化学猝灭系数)、ETR(电子传递速率)逐渐上升并在20 min左右趋于稳定,与光合同步;但在高氮条件下ΦPSⅡ和qP反而较低氮处理的降低.表明在合理的施氮范围内,施氮能通过提高F'v/F'm、NPQ、ETR来增强光合机构对环境的适应能力,进而保护光合器官.在本试验条件下,超高产麦田的适宜施氮量为N 300 kg/hm2.
재전간조건하,채용개방식기로측정료소맥기협광합공능적상관지표,연구료시담량대초고산소맥기협개화기형광동역학삼수적영향.결과표명,담소대초고산소맥개화기적형광동역학삼수화광합특성유교대적조절작용.수착광조시간적연장,소맥기협적형광삼수ΦPSⅡ(작용광존재시PSⅡ실제적광화학양자효솔)、qP(광화학졸멸계수)、F'v/F'm(개방적PSII반응중심적격발능포획효솔)、NPQ(비광화학졸멸계수)、ETR(전자전체속솔)축점상승병재20 min좌우추우은정,여광합동보;단재고담조건하ΦPSⅡ화qP반이교저담처리적강저.표명재합리적시담범위내,시담능통과제고F'v/F'm、NPQ、ETR래증강광합궤구대배경적괄응능력,진이보호광합기관.재본시험조건하,초고산맥전적괄의시담량위N 300 kg/hm2.
In order to offer a technological support for fertilizer management of superhigh-yield winter wheat, effects of ni-trogen application on the fluorescence kinetics parameters of flag leaves of superhigh-yield winter wheat at the flowering stage under field condition were studied. ΦPSⅡ(quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ photochemistry), qP(photochemical quenching), F'v/F'm (the efficiency of open reaction centers in light), NPQ (non-photochemical quenching), ETR (electron transport rate), net photosynthesis rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and stomata] conductance (Gs) of the flag leaves were measured using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system with an open flow gas exchange sys-tem. The results show that the kinetics parameters of fluorescence and the photosynthetic characteristics of the flag leaves at the flowering stage were regulated under the nitrogen application. As lighting prolonged, fluorescence parameters of ΦPSⅡ, qP, F'v/F'm, NPQ and ETR are gradually increased, and are stable at 21 minute or so. However, ΦPSⅡ and qP under the high N level treatment is lower than that under the low N. F'v/F'm, NPQ and ETR are increased under the rational nitrogen application amount. Therefore, adaptability of the photosynthesis organs to the changes of environment is enhanced, and photosynthetic organs are protected. The highest grain yield is observed in the treatment with N 300 kg/ha application.