中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志
中華耳鼻嚥喉頭頸外科雜誌
중화이비인후두경외과잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
2011年
11期
914-920
,共7页
杨酉%赵岩%王成硕%王向东%张罗
楊酉%趙巖%王成碩%王嚮東%張囉
양유%조암%왕성석%왕향동%장라
鼻炎,变应性,常年性%鼻炎,变应性,季节性%变应原%皮肤试验
鼻炎,變應性,常年性%鼻炎,變應性,季節性%變應原%皮膚試驗
비염,변응성,상년성%비염,변응성,계절성%변응원%피부시험
Rhinitis,allergic,perennial%Rhinitis,allergic,seasonal%Allergens%Skin tests
目的 调查不同年龄和性别的10 030例变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者的吸入性变应原谱分布情况.方法 采用21组共43种标准化变应原对54 813例慢性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验,诊断AR 10 030例,男性和女性均按年龄(以周岁记)分为4组,分别是:3～17岁、18～39岁、40 ～59岁以及≥60岁组(共8组),分析各组患者变应原分布状况.结果 ①不同年龄组患者对不同变应原反应呈阳性的例数分析显示,男性占前4位的变应原依次为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿、德国小蠊,女性依次为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿和藜.②患者阳性变应原个数的分布显示,不同年龄男性和女性患者,双重变应原阳性均位列首位,其次是三重变应原阳性或单一变应原阳性.③单一阳性变应原分析显示,男性3 ～17岁患者前4位是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、交链孢霉菌、艾蒿,其余年龄组男性患者阳性变应原前4位均是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿和德国小蠊；女性3～17岁患者阳性变应原前4位是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿和交链孢霉菌,18 ～39岁组是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿和蒲公英,40～59岁组是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿和混合树1,≥60岁患者前4位变应原是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、混合动物毛和艾蒿.④不同年龄和性别患者双重阳性变应原占首位的均是粉尘螨+屋尘螨.在3 ～17岁的患者中,对交链孢霉菌的双重阳性患者例数排在粉尘螨+屋尘螨之后,高于其他变应原组合.18岁以上的患者,交链孢霉菌双重阳性患者比例下降,而花粉类变应原、德国小蠊、粉尘螨或屋尘螨的双重阳性率上升.⑤不同性别患者三重阳性变应原居首位的是粉尘螨+屋尘螨+德国小蠊,其次是粉尘螨+屋尘螨+混合动物毛和粉尘螨+屋尘螨+艾蒿,其余组合少见.结论 尘螨、夏秋花粉及杂草花粉、交链孢霉菌和德国小蠊是导致我国北方地区AR的主要变应原,不同性别和年龄阶段的患者,致病变应原有所不同.
目的 調查不同年齡和性彆的10 030例變應性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者的吸入性變應原譜分佈情況.方法 採用21組共43種標準化變應原對54 813例慢性鼻炎患者進行皮膚點刺試驗,診斷AR 10 030例,男性和女性均按年齡(以週歲記)分為4組,分彆是:3～17歲、18～39歲、40 ～59歲以及≥60歲組(共8組),分析各組患者變應原分佈狀況.結果 ①不同年齡組患者對不同變應原反應呈暘性的例數分析顯示,男性佔前4位的變應原依次為粉塵螨、屋塵螨、艾蒿、德國小蠊,女性依次為粉塵螨、屋塵螨、艾蒿和藜.②患者暘性變應原箇數的分佈顯示,不同年齡男性和女性患者,雙重變應原暘性均位列首位,其次是三重變應原暘性或單一變應原暘性.③單一暘性變應原分析顯示,男性3 ～17歲患者前4位是粉塵螨、屋塵螨、交鏈孢黴菌、艾蒿,其餘年齡組男性患者暘性變應原前4位均是粉塵螨、屋塵螨、艾蒿和德國小蠊；女性3～17歲患者暘性變應原前4位是粉塵螨、屋塵螨、艾蒿和交鏈孢黴菌,18 ～39歲組是粉塵螨、屋塵螨、艾蒿和蒲公英,40～59歲組是粉塵螨、屋塵螨、艾蒿和混閤樹1,≥60歲患者前4位變應原是粉塵螨、屋塵螨、混閤動物毛和艾蒿.④不同年齡和性彆患者雙重暘性變應原佔首位的均是粉塵螨+屋塵螨.在3 ～17歲的患者中,對交鏈孢黴菌的雙重暘性患者例數排在粉塵螨+屋塵螨之後,高于其他變應原組閤.18歲以上的患者,交鏈孢黴菌雙重暘性患者比例下降,而花粉類變應原、德國小蠊、粉塵螨或屋塵螨的雙重暘性率上升.⑤不同性彆患者三重暘性變應原居首位的是粉塵螨+屋塵螨+德國小蠊,其次是粉塵螨+屋塵螨+混閤動物毛和粉塵螨+屋塵螨+艾蒿,其餘組閤少見.結論 塵螨、夏鞦花粉及雜草花粉、交鏈孢黴菌和德國小蠊是導緻我國北方地區AR的主要變應原,不同性彆和年齡階段的患者,緻病變應原有所不同.
목적 조사불동년령화성별적10 030례변응성비염(allergic rhinitis,AR)환자적흡입성변응원보분포정황.방법 채용21조공43충표준화변응원대54 813례만성비염환자진행피부점자시험,진단AR 10 030례,남성화녀성균안년령(이주세기)분위4조,분별시:3～17세、18～39세、40 ～59세이급≥60세조(공8조),분석각조환자변응원분포상황.결과 ①불동년령조환자대불동변응원반응정양성적례수분석현시,남성점전4위적변응원의차위분진만、옥진만、애호、덕국소렴,녀성의차위분진만、옥진만、애호화려.②환자양성변응원개수적분포현시,불동년령남성화녀성환자,쌍중변응원양성균위렬수위,기차시삼중변응원양성혹단일변응원양성.③단일양성변응원분석현시,남성3 ～17세환자전4위시분진만、옥진만、교련포매균、애호,기여년령조남성환자양성변응원전4위균시분진만、옥진만、애호화덕국소렴；녀성3～17세환자양성변응원전4위시분진만、옥진만、애호화교련포매균,18 ～39세조시분진만、옥진만、애호화포공영,40～59세조시분진만、옥진만、애호화혼합수1,≥60세환자전4위변응원시분진만、옥진만、혼합동물모화애호.④불동년령화성별환자쌍중양성변응원점수위적균시분진만+옥진만.재3 ～17세적환자중,대교련포매균적쌍중양성환자례수배재분진만+옥진만지후,고우기타변응원조합.18세이상적환자,교련포매균쌍중양성환자비례하강,이화분류변응원、덕국소렴、분진만혹옥진만적쌍중양성솔상승.⑤불동성별환자삼중양성변응원거수위적시분진만+옥진만+덕국소렴,기차시분진만+옥진만+혼합동물모화분진만+옥진만+애호,기여조합소견.결론 진만、하추화분급잡초화분、교련포매균화덕국소렴시도치아국북방지구AR적주요변응원,불동성별화년령계단적환자,치병변응원유소불동.
Objective To investigate the main inhaled allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis.Methods Forty-three standardization allergens were used to perform skin prick test in 54 813 patients with chronic rhinitis.According to different gender and age groups,10 030 patients with allergic rhinitis were divided into eight groups.The distributions of different allergens in the eight groups were analyzed.Results ①The most common four allergens in male patients with allergic rhinitis were Dermatophagoides farina (Der f),Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p ),Mugwort and Blaterlia Germanica.Der f,Der p,Mugwort and Chenopodium album were the most common in female patients.②In all groups,patients with dual positive allergens were the most common,followed by triple positive allergens and single positive allergen.③ In single positive allergen group,the top four allergen in male 3 - 17 year group were Derf,Der p,Alternaria tenuis and Mugwort.In other male groups,the most common positive allergen were Derf,Der p,Mugwort and Blaterlia Germanica.Meanwhile,the top four positive allergens in female 3 - 17 year group were Derf,Der p,Mugwort and Alternaria tenuis,in 18 -39 year group were Der f,Der P,Mugwort and Dandelion,in 40 -59 year group were Der f,Der p Mugwort and mixed tree 1,in ≥ 60 year group were Derf,Der P,mixed animal hair and Mugwort.④ In dual positive allergens group,the most common allergen combination was Derf + Der p,followed by Alternaria tenuis in patient of 3 - 17 year group.⑤ In triple positive allergens group,the most common allergen combination was Derf + Der p + Blaterlia Germanica,followed by Derf + Derp + mixed animal hair.Conclusions Dust mites,flowers pollen,herbs,Alternaria tenuis and Blaterlia Germanica were the most common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis.However,the frequencies of the allergens were different in different age groups.
