CAJ | 학술논문

通过人工授精获得受精卵,对贝氏高原鳅胚胎和仔鱼的发育过程进行了观察和描述.结果表明.成熟卵淡黄色,卵径较小(直径0.94-1.10mm),遇水后产生强黏性.在水温9.0-12.8℃下,胚盘在受精后4h20min开始分裂,在19h50min和27h40min时达到囊胚期和原肠期,64h40min胚孔封闭,287h时部分胚胎开始出膜,405h30min全部出膜.初孵仔鱼全长(4.32±0.23)mm,肌节36-38对,跟和躯干部黑色素细胞明显.胸鳍原基发育良好.出膜后第5天仔鱼体侧和头部出现浓密的感觉芽.到第8天时全长(6.05±0.41)mm.卵黄吸收完全.仔鱼鳔一室和鳔二室分别于出膜后第30天和第50天形成.第55天的仔鱼全长(14.05±1.01)mm,肌节52-53对,体侧出现7-8条黑色素带,各鳍鳍条数目与成鱼基本一致,但仍有少量鳍褶存在.仔鱼的卵黄囊体积减小速度为0.027mm3/d,鱼体长度生长、鱼体长度性状间的比例关系并不相同,其中,肛后长/全长比例随胚后发育逐渐增加,由初出膜时的31%增加到最后的42%左右.
통과인공수정획득수정란,대패씨고원추배태화자어적발육과정진행료관찰화묘술.결과표명.성숙란담황색,란경교소(직경0.94-1.10mm),우수후산생강점성.재수온9.0-12.8℃하,배반재수정후4h20min개시분렬,재19h50min화27h40min시체도낭배기화원장기,64h40min배공봉폐,287h시부분배태개시출막,405h30min전부출막.초부자어전장(4.32±0.23)mm,기절36-38대,근화구간부흑색소세포명현.흉기원기발육량호.출막후제5천자어체측화두부출현농밀적감각아.도제8천시전장(6.05±0.41)mm.란황흡수완전.자어표일실화표이실분별우출막후제30천화제50천형성.제55천적자어전장(14.05±1.01)mm,기절52-53대,체측출현7-8조흑색소대,각기기조수목여성어기본일치,단잉유소량기습존재.자어적란황낭체적감소속도위0.027mm3/d,어체장도생장、어체장도성상간적비례관계병불상동,기중,항후장/전장비례수배후발육축점증가,유초출막시적31%증가도최후적42%좌우.
Five mature Triplophysa bleekeri, captured in the middle section of the Qingyijiang River, were selected for artificial fertilization in this study. The fertilized eggs were released into a tank (36. 0 × 28.0×11. Gcm3) under the water temperature of 9.0--12. 8℃. The morphological development of embryos and larva were described and photographed with Leica MZ16A stereomicroseupe. 30 specimens were sampled and observed in intervals of 30min during embryonic stages and 12h after hatching. The results indicated that mature unfertilized eggs were strongly adhesive and spherical with primrose yellow color and contained a relatively small yolk (0.94--1. 10mm in diameter). The first cleavage occurred at 4h20min after fertilization. The blastula and gastrula stages began at 19hS0min and 27h40min, respectively. By 64h40min after fertilization, the blastopore was found to be almost closed. Eye pigment was observed at 160h30min and pectoral fin buds appeared 13h50min later. Hatching occurred at 287h and finished at 405h30min. Newly hatched larvae usually lied on the bottom of the water, which were 4. 32ram in average total length (TL) with myomeres ranging from 36 to 38 pairs. Pigment on the body and eyes appeared clearly and pectoral fin buds were well-developed. Thick sensory buds appeared on both sides of the head and body on the 5 dph (days post hatching). 3 days later, the larvae reached 6.05mm in average TL and consumed their yolk completely. In artificially reared conditions, the larvae were fed with egg vitellus and some species of Tubifex twice a day, all specimens were diverted into constant temperature biochemical incubator after 21 dph. One-chamber air bladder and two-chamber ones formed on the 30 dph and 50 dph, respectively. The larvae had 52 to 53 myomeres when the total length reached 14. 05mm in TL on the 55 dph, moreover, all fin rays reached the same fixed number of adult fish and 7 to 8 dark-brown speckle bands had appeared on the body sides. Yolk sac volumes of the larvae decreased at the average ratio of O. 027mm3/d. Growth in length and body morphometrics varied during different developmental stages. The proportion of post-anal length to total length increased gradually from 31% at the beginning and it stabilized at about 42% finally.