CAJ | 학술논문

以免耕和翻耕稻田为研究对象,通过大田试验与室内分析,研究了不同耕作方式下稻田田面水和渗漏水的淋溶损失及其对环境的影响.试验共设4个处理,分别是免耕+不施肥(NTD)、翻耕+不施肥(CT0)、免耕+复合肥(NTC)和翻耕+复合肥(CTC).结果表明,施磷肥显著提高稻田田面水以及渗漏水各形态磷浓度.施磷肥2d后田面水总磷(TP)浓度、颗粒态磷(PP)浓度和溶解磷(DP)浓度即达到最大值,此后由于水中颗粒或表土对田面水磷素的同定,磷素的淋失,水稻生长吸收及前期的稻田排水和灌水稀释,1周后迅速降低并趋于稳定;渗漏水TP浓度和溶解磷(RP)浓度在施磷肥2 d后达到最大值,渗漏水TP浓度在施肥后一个半月达到最低值,而渗漏水RP浓度在施肥4 d后就降低到最低值.处理NTC田面水TP、DP与PP显著高于处理CTC,而处理NTO与处理CTO之间无差异;与翻耕相比,免耕不影响渗漏水TP与RP浓度及磷下渗淋失.对田面水磷素及渗漏水磷素变化动态分析表明,施磷肥后的1周左右是控制磷素流失的关键时期.
이면경화번경도전위연구대상,통과대전시험여실내분석,연구료불동경작방식하도전전면수화삼루수적림용손실급기대배경적영향.시험공설4개처리,분별시면경+불시비(NTD)、번경+불시비(CT0)、면경+복합비(NTC)화번경+복합비(CTC).결과표명,시린비현저제고도전전면수이급삼루수각형태린농도.시린비2d후전면수총린(TP)농도、과립태린(PP)농도화용해린(DP)농도즉체도최대치,차후유우수중과립혹표토대전면수린소적동정,린소적림실,수도생장흡수급전기적도전배수화관수희석,1주후신속강저병추우은정;삼루수TP농도화용해린(RP)농도재시린비2 d후체도최대치,삼루수TP농도재시비후일개반월체도최저치,이삼루수RP농도재시비4 d후취강저도최저치.처리NTC전면수TP、DP여PP현저고우처리CTC,이처리NTO여처리CTO지간무차이;여번경상비,면경불영향삼루수TP여RP농도급린하삼림실.대전면수린소급삼루수린소변화동태분석표명,시린비후적1주좌우시공제린소류실적관건시기.
Phosphorus(P)enhances eutrophication of fresh water bodies.This study was conducted to determine P dynamics of floodwater and percolation water,and to assess P losses through leaching and its environmental impact in different rice tillage fields during the rice grow-ing season of 2008.The four treatments conducted in this study were no-tillage+no fertilizer(NTO),conventional tillage+no fertilizer(CTO);no-tillage+compound fertilizer(NTC) and conventional tillage+compound fertilizer(CTC).The results showed that total P(TP),dissolved P(DP)and particulate phosphorus(PP)concentrations in floodwater all peaked two days after P application.Afterward,they declined then reached to background levels two weeks after application of fertilizer P.Both TP and reactive P(RP)in percolation water also peaked two days after P application then decreased.TP in percolation water came to background values one and half months after P application but RP reached to background values just four days after P application.TP,PP and DP concentrations in floodwater in NTC all were significantly higher than those in CTC whereas no significant difference was observed between NTO and CTO.Application of P fertilizer significantly en-hanced TP,DP and PP concentrations of floodwater,and TP and RP concentrations of percolation water.Compared with conventional illage,no-tillage did not affect RP,and TP concentrations and P losses through leaching.The analysis of P dynamics of floodwater and percolation water showed that it was the key time in one week after P application to control P losses.