CAJ | 학술논문

为了高效利用天然降雨,缓和农业水资源短缺,该试验在小麦、玉米一年两熟条件下,设置耕作措施和秸秆 2个因素,其中耕作措施分为常规耕作、深松耕、耙耕、旋耕、免耕5种,秸秆因素分为玉米秸秆全量还田与不还田,共10个处理,研究了耕作措施与秸秆因素对极端上壤水分和冬小麦产量的效应.结果表明,无论秸秆还田与否,相对于常规耕作,深松耕能提高土壤水分充足期的土壤含水率,增加冬小麦产量,尤其是深松耕秸秆还田,比常规耕作无秸秆还田分别高25.74%和11.45%.秸秆因素在土壤水分充足时影响土壤含水率方而占主导地位,秸秆因素与耕作措施在土壤水分亏缺时影响土壤含水率和冬小麦产量方面均起着重要的作用.免耕、深松耕、耙耕与秸秆还田的交互效应能够增加集雨,提高冬小麦产量.研究结果还表明,冬小麦产量与土壤水分亏缺时上壤含水率相关不显著,而与土壤水分充足期土壤含水率相关显著.
위료고효이용천연강우,완화농업수자원단결,해시험재소맥、옥미일년량숙조건하,설치경작조시화갈간 2개인소,기중경작조시분위상규경작、심송경、파경、선경、면경5충,갈간인소분위옥미갈간전량환전여불환전,공10개처리,연구료경작조시여갈간인소대겁단상양수분화동소맥산량적효응.결과표명,무론갈간환전여부,상대우상규경작,심송경능제고토양수분충족기적토양함수솔,증가동소맥산량,우기시심송경갈간환전,비상규경작무갈간환전분별고25.74%화11.45%.갈간인소재토양수분충족시영향토양함수솔방이점주도지위,갈간인소여경작조시재토양수분우결시영향토양함수솔화동소맥산량방면균기착중요적작용.면경、심송경、파경여갈간환전적교호효응능구증가집우,제고동소맥산량.연구결과환표명,동소맥산량여토양수분우결시상양함수솔상관불현저,이여토양수분충족기토양함수솔상관현저.
Soil moisture and yield of winter wheat were evaluated in a field experiment involving tillage (conventional tillage, subsoiling, harrowing, rotary tillage, and no-tillage) plus straw application (straw returning and no-straw returning) under a rotation of wheat and maize, and the aim was to utilize rainwater effectively and alleviate the deficit of water resources in agriculture. The results showed that subsoiling improved soil moisture in the period of waterabundance and yield of winter wheat under straw returning and no-straw returning over conventional tillage,especially subsoiling tillage plus straw.returning, which enhanced by 25.74% and 11.45% over conventional tillage,respectively. Straw factor played a leading role in soil moisture in the period of water abundance, both straw factor and tillage factor played important roles in soil moisture in the period of water deficit and yield of winter wheat. The interactive effects between no-tillage, subsoiling, harrowing and straw returning improved rainwater collection and winter wheat yield. The results also show that yield of winter wheat is not closely related with soil moisture in the period of water deficit, however, significantly relates with soil moisture in the period of water abundance.