CAJ | 학술논문

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术及应用等位酶分析方法, 研究我国河北黄骅、辽宁葫芦岛宽翅曲背蝗两个自然种群的遗传多样性和遗传分化. 在检测的11种酶15个酶基因座位中,Adk-1、Fbp-1、Mdh-2和G3pd-1基因座位的等位基因少,而Fbp-2、Mdh-1和Me-1基因座位的等位基因多.对每个基因座位的各基因型进行χ2检验,除Mdh-1在辽宁葫芦岛种群、Adk-1在河北黄骅种群分别符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡外,其余绝大多数基因座位的基因型频率显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡.两个种群之间存在明显的遗传多样性和分化:多态位点百分率分别为100%和93.3%,等位基因平均数分别为3.1和2.5,平均杂合度观测值分别为0.086和0.061.与其他非迁飞性蝗虫如中华稻蝗(Oxya chinensis)比较,这种蝗虫种群的平均杂合度较低但遗传多态性较高.结果表明:该蝗虫较强的跳跃能力可使个体暴露于各种不同环境,有利于维持种内遗传多态性的动态平衡,而种群保持较高的遗传多态性能增强该物种在不同栖息地的生存和繁殖能力.F-统计量表明两个种群之间的遗传分化相对较小,但这种分化显著高于迁飞性蝗虫如东亚飞蝗(Locusta migratoria manilensis).Nei的遗传一致度(I)和Roger的遗传距离(D)的结果分析揭示了两个种群之间较高的遗传一致度(I=0.904)和较小的遗传距离(D=0.256).然而,在一些酶基因座位如Acp-1(Fst=0.462)和Pgi-1(Fst=0.182),F-统计值相对较大,遗传分化比较明显.
채용수평정분응효전영기술급응용등위매분석방법, 연구아국하북황화、료녕호호도관시곡배황량개자연충군적유전다양성화유전분화. 재검측적11충매15개매기인좌위중,Adk-1、Fbp-1、Mdh-2화G3pd-1기인좌위적등위기인소,이Fbp-2、Mdh-1화Me-1기인좌위적등위기인다.대매개기인좌위적각기인형진행χ2검험,제Mdh-1재료녕호호도충군、Adk-1재하북황화충군분별부합Hardy-Weinberg평형외,기여절대다수기인좌위적기인형빈솔현저편리Hardy-Weinberg평형.량개충군지간존재명현적유전다양성화분화:다태위점백분솔분별위100%화93.3%,등위기인평균수분별위3.1화2.5,평균잡합도관측치분별위0.086화0.061.여기타비천비성황충여중화도황(Oxya chinensis)비교,저충황충충군적평균잡합도교저단유전다태성교고.결과표명:해황충교강적도약능력가사개체폭로우각충불동배경,유리우유지충내유전다태성적동태평형,이충군보지교고적유전다태성능증강해물충재불동서식지적생존화번식능력.F-통계량표명량개충군지간적유전분화상대교소,단저충분화현저고우천비성황충여동아비황(Locusta migratoria manilensis).Nei적유전일치도(I)화Roger적유전거리(D)적결과분석게시료량개충군지간교고적유전일치도(I=0.904)화교소적유전거리(D=0.256).연이,재일사매기인좌위여Acp-1(Fst=0.462)화Pgi-1(Fst=0.182),F-통계치상대교대,유전분화비교명현.
The genetic structure of the two populations of Pararcyptera microptera meridionalis (Ikonn.) from Hebei and Liaoning in China was analyzed with horizontal starch gel electrophoresis.Among 15 loci of 11 enzymes identified in zymograms,Adk-1,Fbp-1,Mdh-2 and G3pd-1 showed low variability with few alleles.Higher allelic polymorphisms were observed at Fbp-2,Mdh-1 and Me-1.The two populations demonstrated high percentage of polymorphic loci (93.3% and 100.0%) but low observable overall heterozygosity (0.061 and 0.086),that could be attributed to heterozygote deficiencies,which led to the genotype frequency deviating from Hardy-Weinberg expectations.It is reasoned that the strong movement capability of the insect makes the individuals likely to be exposed to drastically varied environments,which tends to maintain dynamic equilibrium of genetic polymorphisms.The F-statistics between the two populations was comparatively smaller (Fst=0.084),but larger when compared with those in migratory locusts like Locusta migratoria manilensis.Nei's genetic identity (I) and Roger's genetic distance (D) also showed close genetic relationship of the two populations by their high genetic identity (I=0.904) and small genetic distance (D=0.256).However,considerably qualitative and quantitative differences were noted at loci Acp-1(Fst=0.462) and Pgi-1 (Fst=0.182).