CAJ | 학술논문

作物远缘杂交的育种可操作性及效果多年来颇有争议,科学家对物种起源与进化的研究恰恰是指导作物远缘杂交育种的理论基础.物种形成理论研究表明生命的共同起源是远缘杂交的理论基础,生物多样性是远缘杂交的物质基础.生物种间的繁殖隔离机制是远缘杂交不亲和性障碍的根源所在,而物种形成方式又为克服远缘杂交的不亲和性提供了理论依据.其中异域性物种形成方式下的生殖隔离具有不彻底性,是克服远缘杂交受精前不亲和性的理论根据;同域性物种形成方式中多倍体化的方式对远缘杂交受精后不亲和性的克服具有较强的指导意义.本文在通过对以上方面的阐述,剖析了远缘杂交的障碍来源、克服途径及实质,为作物远缘杂交育种工作提供参考.
작물원연잡교적육충가조작성급효과다년래파유쟁의,과학가대물충기원여진화적연구흡흡시지도작물원연잡교육충적이론기출.물충형성이론연구표명생명적공동기원시원연잡교적이론기출,생물다양성시원연잡교적물질기출.생물충간적번식격리궤제시원연잡교불친화성장애적근원소재,이물충형성방식우위극복원연잡교적불친화성제공료이론의거.기중이역성물충형성방식하적생식격리구유불철저성,시극복원연잡교수정전불친화성적이론근거;동역성물충형성방식중다배체화적방식대원연잡교수정후불친화성적극복구유교강적지도의의.본문재통과대이상방면적천술,부석료원연잡교적장애래원、극복도경급실질,위작물원연잡교육충공작제공삼고.
There are many controversies over the operability and effectiveness of distant hybridization of crop breeding since many years ago, and the investigation of evolution and origin of species, are properly the theoretical basis for crops distant hybridization breeding. The theories of speciation indicate that the common original of life is the rationale of distant hybridization, and biodivcrsity is the material basis of distant hybridization. Reproductive isolation mechanism is an underlying cause of incompatibility barrier in distant hybridization, and the modes of spe-clarion provide theoretical foundation for the incompatibility of distant hybridization. Allopatric speciation is a gradual process, species may not yet bc fully separated, and this is the rationale of overcoming pre-fcrtilization in-compatibility of distant hybridization. Polyploidy is an example of sympatric spcciation, and is a great significance to post-fertilization incompatibility. In this article, we elaborated the above-mentioned and analyzed the origin of barriers, ways of overcome and the essences of distant hybridization, for providing references for distant hybridiza-tion breeding of crops.