CAJ | 학술논문

2000-2004年对长江三峡南岸的武陵山东段7个不同样地、3个不同海拔梯度和6种生境类型的啮齿等小兽进行了5年调查.共布放鼠铗29297铗次,获得啮齿等小兽2271只;其他方法获26只,分隶于8科19属24种.其中啮齿目占70.83%,食虫目占29.17%.对所获数据分析结果表明:1)虽物种丰富度具有从南向北随海拔升高而增加的趋势,但在垂直分布上有相当一部分物种呈现较宽的分布;2)无论在7个不同样地,还是在6种生境,1200m以下均以黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)和褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)为优势种;1300m以上则以短尾鼩(Anourosorex squamipes)、社鼠(Niviventer confucianus)和中华姬鼠(Apodemus draco)为优势,但在数量上缺乏规律性;3)冬季密度明显大于春季,沿海拔高度呈梯度增高,但不同样地的密度缺乏一致规律性;4)7个不同样地多样性和均匀度均呈现较大变化.这可能与该地区人为干预较多有关.
2000-2004년대장강삼협남안적무릉산동단7개불동양지、3개불동해발제도화6충생경류형적교치등소수진행료5년조사.공포방서협29297협차,획득교치등소수2271지;기타방법획26지,분대우8과19속24충.기중교치목점70.83%,식충목점29.17%.대소획수거분석결과표명:1)수물충봉부도구유종남향북수해발승고이증가적추세,단재수직분포상유상당일부분물충정현교관적분포;2)무론재7개불동양지,환시재6충생경,1200m이하균이흑선희서(Apodemus agrarius)화갈가서(Rattus norvegicus)위우세충;1300m이상칙이단미구(Anourosorex squamipes)、사서(Niviventer confucianus)화중화희서(Apodemus draco)위우세,단재수량상결핍규률성;3)동계밀도명현대우춘계,연해발고도정제도증고,단불동양지적밀도결핍일치규률성;4)7개불동양지다양성화균균도균정현교대변화.저가능여해지구인위간예교다유관.
Five years' (2000-2004) continuous study has been carried out on small mammals such as rodents in seven different sample plots, at three different altitudes and in six different ecological environment types in the eastern part of the Wuling Mountains, south bank of the Three Gorges of Yangtze River in Hubei. A total of 29 297 rat clamps/times were placed and 2271 small mammals such as rodents were captured, and 26 small mammals were captured by other means. All the small mammals captured belonged to 8 families 19 genera and 24 species, of which rodentia accounted for 70.83% and insectivora 29.17%. Through analysis of the data, the results showed that: 1) although the species richness had a trend of increasing along different sample plots as altitude increased from south to north, quite a few species showed a wide habitat range in a vertical distribution (15 species were dispersed over three zones and two species over two zones) , indicating a strong adaptability of small mammals such as rodents at lower altitudes in most areas and comparatively less vertical span of entire mountains; 2) whether in seven different sample plots or six different ecological types, Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were dominant species below 1200m, and Anourosorex squamipes, Niviventer confucianus and Apodemus draco were dominant above altitudes of 1300m, however, in quantity they were short of identical regularity, meaning they did not increase as the altitude did, or decrease as the ecological areas changed; 3)the density in winter was obviously greater than that in spring, and the distribution showed an increasing trend along with altitude, but the density in different sample plots was short of identical regularity, showing changes in different seasons and altitude grades had an important impact on small mammals such as rodents; 4) in species diversity and evenness index, there were obvious changes between the seven different sample plots, probably caused by frequent human interference in this area. Comparatively speaking, there was less human interference at high altitudes where vegetation was rich and had a high diversity and evenness index, and the boundary effect and community stability were obvious. Most ecological types have been seriously interfered with due to excessive assart at low altitudes with singular vegetation and low diversity and evenness index and poor community stability, showing an ecosystem with poor anti-reversion. If human interference can be reduced in those communities at high altitudes with low diversity and evenness index, the biological diversity in the communities will gradually recover to similar levels of other ecological areas.