CAJ | 학술논문

采用琼脂扩散法和稀释法研究26株嗜水气单胞菌对21种抗菌药物的敏感性，分析了其耐药状况。结果表明：从不同地区分离收集到的26株嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)对青霉素类和头孢菌素类药物全部具耐药性，对万古霉素多数不敏感。21种药物中最敏感的是氟哌酸、氯霉素、呋喃唑酮，总体耐药率分别为7.7％、7.7％和11.5％。氨基糖甙类药物和四环素类药物的耐药频率介于其间。对磺胺药的耐药菌比例也很高，高达73.1％的A.hydrophila对磺胺及复方磺胺其有耐药性，但耐磺胺比耐复方磺胺的现象更为普遍。对3种常用药物具有耐药性的菌株比例最高。同时对鱼类病原菌耐药性的判定标准以及两种试验方法在鱼类病原菌耐药性研究中的适用性问题进行了讨论。
채용경지확산법화희석법연구26주기수기단포균대21충항균약물적민감성，분석료기내약상황。결과표명：종불동지구분리수집도적26주기수기단포균(Aeromonas hydrophila)대청매소류화두포균소류약물전부구내약성，대만고매소다수불민감。21충약물중최민감적시불고산、록매소、부남서동，총체내약솔분별위7.7％、7.7％화11.5％。안기당대류약물화사배소류약물적내약빈솔개우기간。대광알약적내약균비례야흔고，고체73.1％적A.hydrophila대광알급복방광알기유내약성，단내광알비내복방광알적현상경위보편。대3충상용약물구유내약성적균주비례최고。동시대어류병원균내약성적판정표준이급량충시험방법재어류병원균내약성연구중적괄용성문제진행료토론。
Twenty-six strains of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated in cultured fish and soft-shelled turtles were collected from various areas of China. Their susceptibilities to 21 antibacterial agents were studied by disc diffusion method. It was showed that all strains tcsted were resistant to pcnieillin and cephalosporins. Most of the strains were sensitive to norfloxacin, chloramphenicol and furazolidone, but up to 73.1%, 70. 1% and 50. 0% of strains tested showed resistance to sulfonamides, aminogylcosides and tetracyclines respectively. Meanwhile, their susceptibilities were examined by micro-dilution procedure against 8 commonly used antibacterials including ampicillin, furazolidone, teltracycline, oxytetracyeline ,steptomycin, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides and ciprofloxacin. Only two of 26 strains of A. hydrophila were sensitive to all drugs tested except ampicillin. The remaining 24 strains were resistant to various combinations of 8 drugs. Majority of the strains carried a marker of resistance to 2～3 drugs and highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. The results indicated that A. hydrophila was highly resistant to most of common antibioties in China and more new antibacterials should be introduced into aquaculture to control ever-increasing fish diseases. The criterion for drug resistant bacteria was also discussed in this paper.