CAJ | 학술논문

研究比较了秦岭楼观台油松林地日本弓背蚁(Camponotusjaponicus)、铺道蚁(Tetramorium caespitum)及日本黑褐(Formica japonica)3种蚂蚁蚁巢内外土壤真菌多样性的差异.研究结果表明:(1)从3种蚂蚁蚁巢及无蚂蚁栖居的土壤样品中共分离到15种真菌,无蚂蚁栖居土壤中真菌种类是3种蚂蚁巢内真菌种类的2.0～3.5倍;日本弓背蚁巢内平均cfu·g-1最低,明显低于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤(P<0.05),另外2种蚂蚁巢内及其无蚂蚁栖居的土壤平均cfu·g-1差异不明显(P>0.05).(2)3种蚂蚁蚁巢内的真菌多样性指数(H')均显著低于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤(P<0.05),但在3种蚂蚁蚁巢之间无显著差异(P＞0.05);3种蚂蚁及无蚂蚁栖居的土壤的真菌均匀度指数(E)之间无显著差异(P>0.05).(3)3种蚂蚁巢内真菌种类组成明显不同,形成各自特殊的真菌群落;蚁巢中分布的真菌种类几乎都可发现于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤,但其在蚁巢内的分布均大于无蚂蚁栖居的土壤.不同蚂蚁蚁巢内及无蚂蚁栖居的土壤中真菌组成及其多样性的差异与土壤微环境以及不同蚂蚁种群、筑巢习性及其对真菌的防卫机制密切相关.
연구비교료진령루관태유송임지일본궁배의(Camponotusjaponicus)、포도의(Tetramorium caespitum)급일본흑갈(Formica japonica)3충마의의소내외토양진균다양성적차이.연구결과표명:(1)종3충마의의소급무마의서거적토양양품중공분리도15충진균,무마의서거토양중진균충류시3충마의소내진균충류적2.0～3.5배;일본궁배의소내평균cfu·g-1최저,명현저우무마의서거적토양(P<0.05),령외2충마의소내급기무마의서거적토양평균cfu·g-1차이불명현(P>0.05).(2)3충마의의소내적진균다양성지수(H')균현저저우무마의서거적토양(P<0.05),단재3충마의의소지간무현저차이(P＞0.05);3충마의급무마의서거적토양적진균균균도지수(E)지간무현저차이(P>0.05).(3)3충마의소내진균충류조성명현불동,형성각자특수적진균군락;의소중분포적진균충류궤호도가발현우무마의서거적토양,단기재의소내적분포균대우무마의서거적토양.불동마의의소내급무마의서거적토양중진균조성급기다양성적차이여토양미배경이급불동마의충군、축소습성급기대진균적방위궤제밀절상관.
The abundance and diversity of fungi in nest soil of three ant species,Camponotus japonicus,Formica japonica and Tetramorium caespitum in Louguantai National Forest Park,Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Prov.,China,were studied to determine the fungal biodiversity and biomass in different ant nests and their surrounding ant-unoccupied soil.The results showed that:(1)Fifteen fungal species were isola-ted from soil samplings in nests of these ants and the surrounding ant-unoccupied soil in total,and the number of fungal species in ant-unoccupied soil was 2.0～3.5 times respectively those in nests of the corre-cupied soil(P<0.05).(2)All nests had lower fungal diversity index(H')than ant-unoccupied soil,but the fungal evenness index(E)among the ant nests and ant-unoccupied soil had no significant difference(P>0.05).(3)All the three ants had special nest fungal communities,but the fungi isolated from their nests had high colony frequency and nearly all could be found in ant-unoccupied soil.The differences of fungal community among the three ants"nests and ant-unoccupied soil might be a result of variations in soil microenvironment and be related to the population,nesting habit and antifungal activities of different ant species.