CAJ | 학술논문

以中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站长期定位试验为平台,研究了寒地黑土大豆轮作与连作不同年限土壤酶活性与相关肥力因子的变化及其相关性和土壤C、N和C/N的变化.结果表明:大豆轮作与连作不同年限,土壤酶活性、有效养分(碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾)含量和土壤C、N及C/N均有较大变化,与正茬相比,迎茬、连作土壤酶活性均降低,其中连作二年,脲酶、转化酶和磷酸酶活性降低幅度最大,分别比正茬降低了29.6%、51.0%和41.9%;土壤C、N和碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾也是大豆连作二年降低最多,分别比正茬降低了18.0%、35.3%和40.4%、53.6%、41.3%,随着连作年限的延长,土壤C、N及有效养分含量均有所恢复,但大豆长期连作,上述各种成分又呈下降趋势.土壤酶活性与土壤C、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾之间均存在一定的相关性,其中,脲酶、转化酶、磷酸酶与各种养分间均呈极显著正相关.因此大豆连作使土壤酶活性降低,有效养分含量下降,是造成大豆连作障碍而导致大豆减产的重要原因之一.
이중국과학원해륜농업생태실험참장기정위시험위평태,연구료한지흑토대두륜작여련작불동년한토양매활성여상관비력인자적변화급기상관성화토양C、N화C/N적변화.결과표명:대두륜작여련작불동년한,토양매활성、유효양분(감해담、속효린화속효갑)함량화토양C、N급C/N균유교대변화,여정치상비,영치、련작토양매활성균강저,기중련작이년,뇨매、전화매화린산매활성강저폭도최대,분별비정치강저료29.6%、51.0%화41.9%;토양C、N화감해담、속효린급속효갑야시대두련작이년강저최다,분별비정치강저료18.0%、35.3%화40.4%、53.6%、41.3%,수착련작년한적연장,토양C、N급유효양분함량균유소회복,단대두장기련작,상술각충성분우정하강추세.토양매활성여토양C、감해담、속효린、속효갑지간균존재일정적상관성,기중,뇨매、전화매、린산매여각충양분간균정겁현저정상관.인차대두련작사토양매활성강저,유효양분함량하강,시조성대두련작장애이도치대두감산적중요원인지일.
In this paper,soil samples were collected from soybean rotation and continuous cropping fields for different years in the Hailun Agricultural Ecology Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences to study the variation of soil enzymes activity, nutrients, soil C and N contents and their relationship. The results showed that there was a great variation of soil enzymes activity , available nutrients and soil C and N contents, compared with soybean rotation, soil enzymes activity all decreased in alternate and continuous cropping,urease, invertase and phosphatase activity in continuous cropping for two years were decreased most than others,decreased by 29. 6% ,51. 0% and 41. 9% Respectively. Moreover, soil C,N and available N,P and K decreased most in continuous cropping for 2 years than others,decreased by 18. 0% ,35. 3% and 40. 4% ,53. 6% , 41.3% ,respectively. Soil C,N and different available nutrients contents reclaimed in an extent with continuous cropping years, however, long- term continuous cropping of soybean, above components showed a declined trend. There was a significantly positive correlation between urease, invertase, phosphatase and soil C, N, available N, P and K. Therefore, soil enzymes activity and available nutrients contents decreased in continuous cropping soils of soybean were important causes resulting in product decreasing of soybean in continuous cropping.