CAJ | 학술논문

观察了国内黑腹果蝇种组34种果蝇的有丝分裂中期核型,其中首次描述了一些新核型.系统地分析了黑腹果蝇种组8个种亚组之间的核型进化关系及种间亲缘关系.结果是:elegans种亚组的核型为A型;eugracilis、melanogaster和ficusphila种亚组的核型为C型;takahashii和suzukii种亚组的核型为C型和D型;monttum种亚组的核型为B、C、C'、D、D'、和E型;ananassae种亚组的核型为F、G和H型.从核型分化的角度可以将黑腹果蝇种组分为5个谱系:elegans,eugracilis-melanogaster-ficusphila,takkahashii-suzukii,montium,ananassae.这与2004年Yang等的观点基本一致,正好从核型进化的角度验证了Yang通过DNA序列分析所得到的结果.差别只在于elegans种亚组,作者把它单独列为一支,认为是祖先种亚组.通过选取同一种果蝇的几个不同地域单雌系的核型分析,结果表明:同一种果蝇的核型存在地域差异.这种差异可能是由于不同生境造成,也可能是本身进化程度的差异,或是两种因素相互作用的结果.
관찰료국내흑복과승충조34충과승적유사분렬중기핵형,기중수차묘술료일사신핵형.계통지분석료흑복과승충조8개충아조지간적핵형진화관계급충간친연관계.결과시:elegans충아조적핵형위A형;eugracilis、melanogaster화ficusphila충아조적핵형위C형;takahashii화suzukii충아조적핵형위C형화D형;monttum충아조적핵형위B、C、C'、D、D'、화E형;ananassae충아조적핵형위F、G화H형.종핵형분화적각도가이장흑복과승충조분위5개보계:elegans,eugracilis-melanogaster-ficusphila,takkahashii-suzukii,montium,ananassae.저여2004년Yang등적관점기본일치,정호종핵형진화적각도험증료Yang통과DNA서렬분석소득도적결과.차별지재우elegans충아조,작자파타단독렬위일지,인위시조선충아조.통과선취동일충과승적궤개불동지역단자계적핵형분석,결과표명:동일충과승적핵형존재지역차이.저충차이가능시유우불동생경조성,야가능시본신진화정도적차이,혹시량충인소상호작용적결과.
Mitotic metaphase chromosomes of 34 species of Drosophila melanogaster species group were examined. Certain new karyotypes were described for the first time, and their evolutionary and interspecific genetic relationships among 8 subgroups of D. melanogaster species group were analyzed systematically. The results were as follows. The basic karyotype of elegans subgroup was type A. The karyotypes of eugracilis subgroup, melanogaster subgroup, andficusphila subgroup were all type C. The karyotypes of takahashii subgroup and suzukii subgroup were both type C and type D. The montium subgroup had six kinds of karyotypes: types B, C, C', D, D', and E. The ananassae subgroup had three kinds of karyotypes: types F, G, and H. Thus, the melanogaster species group was classified into five pedigrees based on the diversity of these karyotypes: 1) elegans; 2) eugracilis-melanogasterficusphila; 3) takkahashii-suzukii; 4) montium; 5) ananassae. The above-mentioned results in karyotypic evolution were consistent with those of DNA sequence analysis reported by Yang except for the elegans subgroup and this subgroup was considered as the ancestral subgroup. Karyotype analysis of the same drosophila from different isofemale lines indicated that the same Drosophila from different places showed karyotypic variation which might be due to different geographical environment and evolutionary degree or interaction between the two factors.