CAJ | 학술논문

研究不同品种的水分利用特性和水分利用效率,为黄瓜高水分利用效率品种的选育提供理论依据.本研究选用2个生态型相同但生长型不同的黄瓜品种(津育5号和迷你2号)为试材,温室栽培,相同灌溉量和灌溉频率水分处理,比较其灌溉水在渗漏量、蒸发量、蒸腾量和土壤储水量的分配比例和水分利用效率的差异,以及不同品种根系特点.除迷你2号(MN)在秋冬茬结果有所差外异,两供试品种在不同茬口灌溉水的分配均呈现蒸腾量>渗漏量>蒸发量>土壤储水量的趋势;两供试黄瓜品种在冬春茬的蒸腾量、渗漏量、蒸发量和土壤储水量占灌溉水总量的分配比例分别为38.25%,32.15%,23.10%和6.50%,而秋冬茬则分别为34.35%,34.15%,20.65%和12.85%,故不同栽培茬口可影响黄瓜灌溉水分配状况,冬春茬蒸腾和蒸发量占灌溉水分配比例较高,而秋冬茬土壤渗漏水和土壤储水比例则有所提高.津育5号和迷你2号植株蒸腾占灌溉水分配的比例平均分别为37.15%和33.45%,而土壤渗漏占灌溉水分配的比例平均分别为30.10%和36.20%;津育5号两茬口经济产量和生物学产量水分利用效率分别为422.5,585.90 ks/(hm~2·mm),而迷你2号则分别为394.2,541.7 ks/(hm~2·mm).不同黄瓜品种间灌溉水分配状况及利用效率明显差异,造成不同品种灌溉水分配及水分利用效率的原因主要与其根系生长状况有关.
연구불동품충적수분이용특성화수분이용효솔,위황과고수분이용효솔품충적선육제공이론의거.본연구선용2개생태형상동단생장형불동적황과품충(진육5호화미니2호)위시재,온실재배,상동관개량화관개빈솔수분처리,비교기관개수재삼루량、증발량、증등량화토양저수량적분배비례화수분이용효솔적차이,이급불동품충근계특점.제미니2호(MN)재추동치결과유소차외이,량공시품충재불동치구관개수적분배균정현증등량>삼루량>증발량>토양저수량적추세;량공시황과품충재동춘치적증등량、삼루량、증발량화토양저수량점관개수총량적분배비례분별위38.25%,32.15%,23.10%화6.50%,이추동치칙분별위34.35%,34.15%,20.65%화12.85%,고불동재배치구가영향황과관개수분배상황,동춘치증등화증발량점관개수분배비례교고,이추동치토양삼루수화토양저수비례칙유소제고.진육5호화미니2호식주증등점관개수분배적비례평균분별위37.15%화33.45%,이토양삼루점관개수분배적비례평균분별위30.10%화36.20%;진육5호량치구경제산량화생물학산량수분이용효솔분별위422.5,585.90 ks/(hm~2·mm),이미니2호칙분별위394.2,541.7 ks/(hm~2·mm).불동황과품충간관개수분배상황급이용효솔명현차이,조성불동품충관개수분배급수분이용효솔적원인주요여기근계생장상황유관.
Waste of irrigated water has been serious situation in solar greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production in China caused by huge irrigation. This paper aims to learn the impossibility of water saving by biological way. Both irrigated water distribution and its use efficiency were studied by using two varieties of cucumber (cv. Jinyu5 and Mini2)with different growing type. The two varieties were irrigated under the same water amount and frequency. Results showed that the percentage of water distribution presented transpiration>leakage>evaporation>soil water storage, and the trends were quite similar except the treatment of cv. Mini2 in autumn-winter growing season. Water distribution percentage in transpiration and drainage were 38.25%,32.15%,23.10% and 6.50% respectively in winter-spring,and those were 34.35% ,34.15% ,20.65% and 12.85% respectively in autumn-winter. This showed that status of water distribution percentage was affected by growing season. Percentage of evaporation and evaporation were a little higher in winter-spring, meanwhile percentage of drainage and soil water storage were little higher in autumn-winter. Percentage of evaporation in cv. Jinyu5 and ev. Mini2 were 37.15% and 33.45%, and percentage of drainage were 30.10% and 36.20% respectively;WUE of Economic yield and biological yield 422.5 and 585.90 kg/(ha mm)in cv. Jinyu5 ,meanwhile those were 394.2 and 541.7 kg/(ha mm)in cv. Mini2. Thus both the water distribution percentage and WUE were affected by different varieties of cucumber because of their different root growing status.