CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析江苏和浙江省15县(市)3～6岁农村儿童体格发育不良的影响因素.方法研究数据来源于北京大学医学部生育健康研究所2000年对江苏和浙江省15县(市)183 295名3～6岁农村儿童随访研究和相关围产保健监测资料.采用WHO标准对儿童体格发育进行评价,结合儿童母亲的围产期健康资料和儿童出生资料分析儿童体格发育不良的影响因素.结果江苏和浙江省农村3～6岁儿童的平均生长迟缓率为7.95%,体重低下率为1.55%.儿童性别、出生体重、是否早产、儿童母亲身高、母亲初次孕检BMI、母亲文化程度、母亲职业与儿童体格发育不良明显相关.出生体重对儿童体重影响最大.出生体重＜2500、≥2500 g儿童的体重低下率分别为7.77%、1.46%.低出生体重儿童发生体重低下的OR值为3.68(95%CI:3.11～4.37).母亲身高对儿童身高影响最大,母亲身高＜155、155～160、160～165、≥165 cm的儿童生长迟缓率分别为13.01%、8.76%、6.21%、4.14%.与母亲身高≥165 cm的儿童相比,母亲身高＜155cm的儿童发生生长迟缓的OR值为3.08(95%CI:2.82～3.37).结论出生体重和母亲身高是儿童体格发育的重要影响因素,为促进儿童体格发育应提高围产保健服务水平,改善孕妇营养状况.
목적 분석강소화절강성15현(시)3～6세농촌인동체격발육불량적영향인소.방법 연구수거래원우북경대학의학부생육건강연구소2000년대강소화절강성15현(시)183 295명3～6세농촌인동수방연구화상관위산보건감측자료.채용WHO표준대인동체격발육진행평개,결합인동모친적위산기건강자료화인동출생자료분석인동체격발육불량적영향인소.결과 강소화절강성농촌3～6세인동적평균생장지완솔위7.95%,체중저하솔위1.55%.인동성별、출생체중、시부조산、인동모친신고、모친초차잉검BMI、모친문화정도、모친직업여인동체격발육불량명현상관.출생체중대인동체중영향최대.출생체중＜2500、≥2500 g인동적체중저하솔분별위7.77%、1.46%.저출생체중인동발생체중저하적OR치위3.68(95%CI:3.11～4.37).모친신고대인동신고영향최대,모친신고＜155、155～160、160～165、≥165 cm적인동생장지완솔분별위13.01%、8.76%、6.21%、4.14%.여모친신고≥165 cm적인동상비,모친신고＜155cm적인동발생생장지완적OR치위3.08(95%CI:2.82～3.37).결론 출생체중화모친신고시인동체격발육적중요영향인소,위촉진인동체격발육응제고위산보건복무수평,개선잉부영양상황.
Objective To analyze the influencing factors for stunting and underweight among children aged 3-6 years in 15 counties of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces so as to provide reference for enhancing growth level among preschool children. Methods Data was from the 183 295 records of Children Follow-up Study Project carried out by the Institute of Reproductive and Child Heath of Peking University and the records of related perinatal health care surveillance system in rural areas of 15 counties/cities of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. WHO-NCHS standard was used to assess the childhood physical level of growth. Data of children's birth and their mothers' perinatal health were correlated to determine influencing factors for childhood stunting and underweight. Results The average stunting rate was 7.95% and underweight rate was 1.55%. Sex, birth weight, preterm birth as well as maternal height, maternal BMI at the first prenatal visit, maternal education and occupation were significantly related to childhood stunting and underweight. Birth weight was the most important influencing factor for childhood underweight. For the groups whose birth weights were ＜2500 g and ≥2500 g, the rates of underweight were 7.77% and 1.46% respectively. Children with low birth weight were at higher risk for underweight (OR=3.68,95% CI: 3.11-4.37). Maternal height was the most important influencing factor for childhood stunting. For the groups whose mothers' heights were ＜155 cm, 155-160 cm, 160-165 cm and ≥165 cm, the stunting rates were 13.01%, 8.76%,6.21% and 4.14% respectively. Compared with the ≥165 cm group, the ＜155 cm group was at higher risk for stunting (OR=3.08, 95% CI: 2.82-3.37). Conclusion Birth weight and maternal height were key factors influencing the growth of children. Perinatal health care and the nutrition starus of pregnant mothers should be improved to promote the growth level of preschool children.