CAJ | 학술논문

利用开顶式气室(OTC)开展了大田实验条件下地表臭氧浓度增加对冬小麦干物质(DM)生产和产量构成的影响.结果表明,与对照组相比,100nL·L~(-1)臭氧熏气下干物质量略有降低,150nL·L~(-1)臭氧熏气下显著降低;100nL·L~(-1)和150nL·L~(-1)臭氧熏气下叶面积.净同化速率(NAR)变化规律不明显;100nL·L~(-1)和150nL·L~(-1)臭氧熏气都使抽穗期的叶/总干重增加,根,总干重下降,抽穗后根/总干重上升,而成熟期的各器官干重分配均没有达到显著性水平;100nL·L~(-1)臭氧熏气使单位面积穗数和空秕率显著降低,150nL·L~(-1)臭氧熏气使空秕率、单位面积穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重出现了显著或极显著降低,臭氧熏气对千粒重没有显著性变化.以上结果表明,NAR是影响干物质累积速度的关键因子,在不同生育阶段,通过干物质的分配,对小麦生长发育起关键作用的器官在一定程度上能够抵抗臭氧对其的损害.臭氧通过影响粒数和粒重使冬小麦减产.
이용개정식기실(OTC)개전료대전실험조건하지표취양농도증가대동소맥간물질(DM)생산화산량구성적영향.결과표명,여대조조상비,100nL·L~(-1)취양훈기하간물질량략유강저,150nL·L~(-1)취양훈기하현저강저;100nL·L~(-1)화150nL·L~(-1)취양훈기하협면적.정동화속솔(NAR)변화규률불명현;100nL·L~(-1)화150nL·L~(-1)취양훈기도사추수기적협/총간중증가,근,총간중하강,추수후근/총간중상승,이성숙기적각기관간중분배균몰유체도현저성수평;100nL·L~(-1)취양훈기사단위면적수수화공비솔현저강저,150nL·L~(-1)취양훈기사공비솔、단위면적수수、수립수、수립중출현료현저혹겁현저강저,취양훈기대천립중몰유현저성변화.이상결과표명,NAR시영향간물질루적속도적관건인자,재불동생육계단,통과간물질적분배,대소맥생장발육기관건작용적기관재일정정도상능구저항취양대기적손해.취양통과영향립수화립중사동소맥감산.
Effects of increased surface ozone concentration upon the dry matter formation and yield components of winter wheat grown in fields were investigated by using an OTC(Open Top Chamber)technique,leading to a slight(pronounced)reduction of dry matter production under the smoking from 100(150)nL·L~(-1) ozone,compared to CK.In both cases the vailations in leaf area and net assimilation rate(NAR)showed no significant feature,but the ratio of dry leaf (root)weight to total dry weight increase(declines)in the heading stage and thereafter the root-total dry weight ratio rised.In the mature phase the dry weight distributed among organs failed to pass significance tests.Under thetreatment of 100nL·L~(-1) the number of ears and percentage of blighted grains per unit area reduced greatly whereas in the treatment of 150nL· L~(-1) the empty-grains percentage,number of ears per unit area as well as the weight per 1 000 grains reduced considerably or even highly con-spicuously,with no marked effect on the weight of 1 000 grains.The above evidence indicated that NAB Was the key factor of the accumulation of dry matter and through the distribution of dry matter in the various growth/development stages,the organs could resist to ozone threat to some extent.Ozone was responsible for yield decline by diminishing the number of grains per ear and weight per 1000 seeds.