CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解公众在疫情的不同时期对H5N1禽流感、甲型H1N1流感及流感大流行的信息需求,制定有针对性的沟通信息.方法采用电话问卷调查方法获得所需信息.自制调查表,经预调查修订后,再进行正式调查.结果广州市电话调查有效应答率为54.33%.公众认为政府在甲型H1N1流感流行初期所做的宣传工作比静息期人禽流感的宣传内容更有帮助和指导意义(χ2=17.41,P=0.000);流感流行初期公众对政府的信任程度更高(χ2=8.15,P=0.004).流感流行静息期公众以H5N1禽流感基本知识为需求;而在流行初期,则以可操作性的预防措施为主要需求.公众对于流感大流行的信息需求在疫情不同时期却基本相同,反映出公众对流感大流行缺乏感性认识,对流感大流行的相关信息了解甚少.公众对于不去人多的地方、少外出、勤洗手等预防常识掌握得较好,但不习惯打喷嚏掩住口鼻.2%～6%的公众没有任何信息需求.结论电话调查应答率较高,广州市居民可以接受电话访问的调查方式.
목적 료해공음재역정적불동시기대H5N1금류감、갑형H1N1류감급류감대류행적신식수구,제정유침대성적구통신식.방법 채용전화문권조사방법획득소수신식.자제조사표,경예조사수정후,재진행정식조사.결과 엄주시전화조사유효응답솔위54.33%.공음인위정부재갑형H1N1류감류행초기소주적선전공작비정식기인금류감적선전내용경유방조화지도의의(χ2=17.41,P=0.000);류감류행초기공음대정부적신임정도경고(χ2=8.15,P=0.004).류감류행정식기공음이H5N1금류감기본지식위수구;이재류행초기,칙이가조작성적예방조시위주요수구.공음대우류감대류행적신식수구재역정불동시기각기본상동,반영출공음대류감대류행결핍감성인식,대류감대류행적상관신식료해심소.공음대우불거인다적지방、소외출、근세수등예방상식장악득교호,단불습관타분체엄주구비.2%～6%적공음몰유임하신식수구.결론 전화조사응답솔교고,엄주시거민가이접수전화방문적조사방식.
Objective To understand the information needs on human infection with avian influenza (H5N1), A (H1N1) and influenza pandemic in different time periods and create welltargeted messages by the public, so as to develop communication with the public effectively when human infection with avian influenza (H5N1), A (H1N1) and influenza pandemic occur. Methods Data were collected through questionnaire over telephone calls. The questionnaire was self-designed, revised after pilot testing. Results The effective response rate in this telephone survey was 54.33%, higher than those in Beijing and Shanghai. The respondents felt that government' s propaganda during the influenza virus-active period was more helpful and instructive than those in the period when influenza was relatively inactive (χ2= 17.41, P = 0.000). Trust to the government by the public was higher in the influenza virus-active than in the relatively inactive period (χ2=8.15, P=0.004). As to the information needs, the respondents reflected that during the time period of relative influenza inactivity, they viewed the basic knowledge of human infection with avian influenza (H5N1) as their top priority, while in the influenza virus-active period, the feasible preventive measures was their top priority. The pandemic-related information needs in the influenza virus-active period and in the time period of relative influenza inactivity were similar, demonstrating that the respondents had no perceptual knowledge of influenza pandemic and had poor awareness on the pandemic. The respondents were not used to wear a mask to cover their mouths and noses when sneezing, but were quite knowledgeable about the following preventive measures as: avoid going out and at the crowded areas, wash hands frequently etc. Around 2% to 6% of the respondents did not have any information needs. Conclusion The response rate in this telephone survey was fairly high, indicating that telephone survey was well accepted by Guangzhou residents. The public was satisfied with the government' s propaganda activities and trusting the government. Public health professionals should develop communication messages closely related to the epidemic situation to target the information needs from the public.