CAJ | 학술논문

通过对理想导体和超导体的电学性质、磁学性质的比较研究，从宏观和微观角度讨论了理想导体的电磁学性质与超导体电磁学性质的差别，对理想导体的存在性给出了证明：指出，理想导体在电学性质上与超导体没有任何差别，在临界状态以下存在着能隙，在临界点发生的是二级相变，存在着比热跃变：理想导体在磁学性质上与超导体的磁学性质是相同的，理想导体的抗磁性与超导体抗磁性起源于同一物理原因-载流子的高速定向运动产生很强的磁场，从而将外磁场排出体外，磁场的产生遵循毕-萨定律和法拉第电磁感应定律，不存在磁通“冻结”的问题（第二类超导体的混合态问题与此有本质的差别，自然应当别论），磁通“冻结”的说法是没有理论根据的，它反映了人类对超导电性认识的偏差；作为存在物，理想导体就是超导体，人们设想的理想导体磁性质，更接近于第二类超导体的混合态，但是在本质上是有差别的；作为理想的“理想导体”是不存在的；剔除理想导体的概念，将会极大地促进超导电性理论的深入研究。促进凝聚态物理理论和实践的发展．
통과대이상도체화초도체적전학성질、자학성질적비교연구，종굉관화미관각도토론료이상도체적전자학성질여초도체전자학성질적차별，대이상도체적존재성급출료증명：지출，이상도체재전학성질상여초도체몰유임하차별，재림계상태이하존재착능극，재림계점발생적시이급상변，존재착비열약변：이상도체재자학성질상여초도체적자학성질시상동적，이상도체적항자성여초도체항자성기원우동일물리원인-재류자적고속정향운동산생흔강적자장，종이장외자장배출체외，자장적산생준순필-살정률화법랍제전자감응정률，불존재자통“동결”적문제（제이류초도체적혼합태문제여차유본질적차별，자연응당별론），자통“동결”적설법시몰유이론근거적，타반영료인류대초도전성인식적편차；작위존재물，이상도체취시초도체，인문설상적이상도체자성질，경접근우제이류초도체적혼합태，단시재본질상시유차별적；작위이상적“이상도체”시불존재적；척제이상도체적개념，장회겁대지촉진초도전성이론적심입연구。촉진응취태물리이론화실천적발전．
The difference of the electric and magnetic properties in ideal conductors and superconductor were discussed by comparing them from macroscopic and microseism points. The electric and magnetic properties of ideal conductors and superconductor are the same： there was energy gap in the critical state, phase transition at the critical point is second order phase transition, there is specific heat abrupt, and the diamagnetism is caused by direct nary velocity of carries. There was no flux freezing. As material, ideal conductors that was imagined by people are alike to type- II superconductor. The conclusion is that there are no ideal conductors. This conclusion would be helpful to make the theory and experiment of condensed matter physics develop quickly.