CAJ | 학술논문

背景:大学新生适应障碍严重影响其生活、学习和人际交往,较大样本的团体心理疗法治疗适应障碍研究未见报道.目的:探索运用团体心理疗法,缓解大学新生适应障碍的有效性.设计:回顾性研究.地点、对象和方法:采取心理测评量表(SCL-90)和心理门诊约谈,从南京某医学院1999,2000两个新生年级1 126名新生中随机抽样适应障碍新生各分一组,每组30人,运用团体疗法的基本技术,团体讨论、心理剧、放松练习等主要方法,结合自我评价表和心理量表前后对比研究.主要观察指标:大学新生在治疗前后心理健康和自我评价的变化.结果:①治疗前后,1999级新生分享经验(7.10±1.40,7.23±1.48)、信任自己(5.87±2.14,7.48±1.70)等差异有显著性或高度显著性意义(t=2.01,P＜0.05,t=3.37,P＜0.01);2000级新生分享经验等差异显著(t=2.41,P＜0.05),喜欢参与的差异高度显著(t=3.05,P＜0.01),关怀别人、信任自己等差异高度显著(t=5.01,4.12,P＜0.001).②治疗前后,1999级新生躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、强迫、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性差异显著或高度显著(t=2.26～2.50,P＜0.05;t=2.88～3.15,P＜0.01);2000级新生躯体化、恐怖、抑郁方面差异显著或高度显著(t=2.67,2 10,P＜0.05;t=2.94,P＜0.01).③1999,2000级治疗前后自我评价同时比较,治疗前关怀别人、有责任感、了解别人的差异显著或高度显著(t=2.09,P＜0.05;t=2.80,P＜0.01;t=3.82,P＜0.001);治疗后关怀别人、信任自己等4方面差异显著(t=2.47,2.17,P＜0.01);心理健康同时相互比较,治疗前差异不显著,治疗后精神病性差异显著(t=2.09,P＜0.05).结论:团体心理疗法是缓解大学新生适应障碍的有效途径,有助于大学新生心理健康状况和自我评价的积极改变.
배경:대학신생괄응장애엄중영향기생활、학습화인제교왕,교대양본적단체심리요법치료괄응장애연구미견보도.목적:탐색운용단체심리요법,완해대학신생괄응장애적유효성.설계:회고성연구.지점、대상화방법:채취심리측평량표(SCL-90)화심리문진약담,종남경모의학원1999,2000량개신생년급1 126명신생중수궤추양괄응장애신생각분일조,매조30인,운용단체요법적기본기술,단체토론、심리극、방송연습등주요방법,결합자아평개표화심리량표전후대비연구.주요관찰지표:대학신생재치료전후심리건강화자아평개적변화.결과:①치료전후,1999급신생분향경험(7.10±1.40,7.23±1.48)、신임자기(5.87±2.14,7.48±1.70)등차이유현저성혹고도현저성의의(t=2.01,P＜0.05,t=3.37,P＜0.01);2000급신생분향경험등차이현저(t=2.41,P＜0.05),희환삼여적차이고도현저(t=3.05,P＜0.01),관부별인、신임자기등차이고도현저(t=5.01,4.12,P＜0.001).②치료전후,1999급신생구체화、인제관계、억욱、강박、초필、공포화정신병성차이현저혹고도현저(t=2.26～2.50,P＜0.05;t=2.88～3.15,P＜0.01);2000급신생구체화、공포、억욱방면차이현저혹고도현저(t=2.67,2 10,P＜0.05;t=2.94,P＜0.01).③1999,2000급치료전후자아평개동시비교,치료전관부별인、유책임감、료해별인적차이현저혹고도현저(t=2.09,P＜0.05;t=2.80,P＜0.01;t=3.82,P＜0.001);치료후관부별인、신임자기등4방면차이현저(t=2.47,2.17,P＜0.01);심리건강동시상호비교,치료전차이불현저,치료후정신병성차이현저(t=2.09,P＜0.05).결론:단체심리요법시완해대학신생괄응장애적유효도경,유조우대학신생심리건강상황화자아평개적적겁개변.
BACKGROUND: Adjustment disorder of freshmen severely affeeted their lives, studies and interpersonal communications, but reports about the effect of group psychotherapy on adjustment disorder in mass sample is still very few.OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of group psychotherapy for eliminating adjustment disorder symptoms of college freshmen.DESIGN: A retrospective control study.SETTING, PARTICIPANTS and INTERVENTIONS: Symptom Check(SGL-90) and psychological clinic interview were used in the study. Totally 1 126 freshmen from either 1999 or 2000 grades of Nanjing Medical College were adopted for screening adjustment disorder, which were randomly divided into two groups with 30 patients in each group. Basic techniques of group therapy, such as group discussion, psychodrama and relaxation were applied, and selfassessing scale and SCL-90 were combined for self-comparison after treatment.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ghanges of mental health and self-worth of freshman were identified after treatment.served in participant(7.10 ± 1.40, 7.23 ± 1.48), self-confidence(5.87 ±2.14,7.48±1.70) andothers (t=2.01, P ＜0.05, t=3.37, P ＜0.01);While 2000 grade freshmen showed obvious improvements in sharing experience with others after treatment( t = 2.41, P ＜ 0.05), particularly in participation with higher significance(t = 3.05, P ＜ 0.01), as well as in caring Post-treatment sonatization, interpersonal communication, depression, obsessive-compulsion, anxiety, phobia and psychoticism were significantly higher than those of pretreatment in 1999 grade freshmen( t = 2.26-2.50, P ＜0.05; t = 2.88-3.15, P ＜ 0.01), the same as somatization, phobia and depression of 2000 grade freshmen( t = 2.67, 2.10, P ＜ 0.05; t = 2. 94, P ＜groups, revealing higher significant difference in caring about others, responsibility and understanding others before treatment( t = 2.09, P ＜ 0.05; t =2.80, P ＜ 0.01; t = 3.82, P ＜ 0. 001), and obviously difference in four items including caring about others, self-confidence and so on( t = 2.47,2.17, P ＜ 0.01); post-treatment mental health was compared with that of pretreatment in both groups showing unobvious difference before treatment, but reverse result was found in neuortism after treatment( t = 2.09, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Group psychotherapy was an effective treatment on remission of improving freshman adjustment disorder(FAD), redounding to freshman mental health and self-assissing developing on the positive trend.