CAJ | 학술논문

目的利用卫星搭载高梁种子，返地后，将其播种、栽培，观察与调查其后代的变异及遗传情况，以期选育出优良的突变体，定向培育成新品种供生产应用。方法 1996年，利用我国发射的返回式科学实验卫星搭载高粱恢复系唐恢28干种子，飞行15 d回收后田间种植，对其主要农艺性状表现进行调查研究。结果在SP1代发现植株矮化、穗粒重显著增加等少数性状变异。SP2代群体发生广谱分离。所观察的8个主要性状除抗病性无明显分离，壳色变异极小外，其它性状变异显著。并从中获得了穗长比对照最大穗还长4 cm，穗粒重比对照最大穗还重58.5 g特大穗变异株系。结论 SP2代大穗型株系性状相对稳定，在穗长穗粒重上表现出有选育价值的稳定变异。故认为高梁干种子在空间条件下所产生的变异是可以稳定地遗传给后代，航天育种可以作为一种新的诱变育种方法。
목적 이용위성탑재고량충자，반지후，장기파충、재배，관찰여조사기후대적변이급유전정황，이기선육출우량적돌변체，정향배육성신품충공생산응용。 방법 1996년，이용아국발사적반회식과학실험위성탑재고량회복계당회28간충자， 비행15 d회수후전간충식，대기주요농예성상표현진행조사연구。 결과 재SP1대발현식주왜화、수립중현저증가등소수성상변이。SP2대군체발생엄보분리。소관찰적8개주요성상제항병성무명현분리，각색변이겁소외，기타성상변이현저。병종중획득료수장비대조최대수환장4 cm，수립중비대조최대수환중58.5 g특대수변이주계。 결론 SP2대대수형주계성상상대은정，재수장수립중상표현출유선육개치적은정변이。고인위고량간충자재공간조건하소산생적변이시가이은정지유전급후대，항천육충가이작위일충신적유변육충방법。
Objective To observe and investigate the variation and heredity of the offspring of dry seeds of sorghum carried by satellite hence to select excellent mutants and to cultivate directivity new varieties for production application. Method Dry seeds of Tanghui 28,a sorghum restorer line, were carried to the space on board a recoverable satellite for 15 d. After recovery the seeds were planted in the field to study the growth dynamics and change of agricultural characters. Result Variations of characters such as dwarfing of stalk,significant increase grain weight per spike etc were observed in SP1 generation. Wide separation occurred in SP2 generation. Regardless that only non-significant separation of disease resistance and a very little variation of glum color were observed, the other characters varied significantly, and a super large panicle type varied line was obtained. Its spike length was 4 cm longer, and grain weight per spike was 58.5 g more than the control. Conclusion It may be considered that the variation of sorghum seeds induced by the space conditions was heritable to the offsprings.Therefore, exposure to the space environment could be used as a method for mutagenic seeds breeding.