应用气象学报
應用氣象學報
응용기상학보
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY
2001年
z1期
48-57
,共10页
汪学林%谷淑芳%于勇%李永振%李茂仑%霍晓光%齐颖%齐彦斌%刘健%张景红%郑娇恒
汪學林%穀淑芳%于勇%李永振%李茂崙%霍曉光%齊穎%齊彥斌%劉健%張景紅%鄭嬌恆
왕학림%곡숙방%우용%리영진%리무륜%곽효광%제영%제언빈%류건%장경홍%정교항
人工播云%江淮气旋%数值模拟
人工播雲%江淮氣鏇%數值模擬
인공파운%강회기선%수치모의
用天气学、云物理学、统计计算和数值模拟等方法，对1997年5月份影响我省的两次江淮气旋降水系统进行了综合分析研究，发现：(1)中低空水汽输送条件较好，都形成了大范围较稳定的降水性层状云系，出现了连续性降水。两次过程的深厚程度、动力条件有差别，云雨的宏微观特征也有所不同；(2)云中过冷层较厚，过冷水含量较高，大滴浓度较高，众数直径较大，有利于人工催化；(3)云层降水粒子的形成，在冷层以凝华和淞附增长为主，核化和繁生相对较小，进入暖层后，主要是云滴与雨滴以及雨滴间碰并为主；(4)用干冰进行了6架次人工增雨催化作业，经综合检验，约增雨10%～40%；(5)使用层状云数值模式进行人工催化模拟，当加入50个/L人工冰核，可使地面降水增加30%左右。如果过量播撒(加入500个/L)人工冰核，降水反而减少。
用天氣學、雲物理學、統計計算和數值模擬等方法，對1997年5月份影響我省的兩次江淮氣鏇降水繫統進行瞭綜閤分析研究，髮現：(1)中低空水汽輸送條件較好，都形成瞭大範圍較穩定的降水性層狀雲繫，齣現瞭連續性降水。兩次過程的深厚程度、動力條件有差彆，雲雨的宏微觀特徵也有所不同；(2)雲中過冷層較厚，過冷水含量較高，大滴濃度較高，衆數直徑較大，有利于人工催化；(3)雲層降水粒子的形成，在冷層以凝華和淞附增長為主，覈化和繁生相對較小，進入暖層後，主要是雲滴與雨滴以及雨滴間踫併為主；(4)用榦冰進行瞭6架次人工增雨催化作業，經綜閤檢驗，約增雨10%～40%；(5)使用層狀雲數值模式進行人工催化模擬，噹加入50箇/L人工冰覈，可使地麵降水增加30%左右。如果過量播撒(加入500箇/L)人工冰覈，降水反而減少。
용천기학、운물이학、통계계산화수치모의등방법，대1997년5월빈영향아성적량차강회기선강수계통진행료종합분석연구，발현：(1)중저공수기수송조건교호，도형성료대범위교은정적강수성층상운계，출현료련속성강수。량차과정적심후정도、동력조건유차별，운우적굉미관특정야유소불동；(2)운중과랭층교후，과랭수함량교고，대적농도교고，음수직경교대，유리우인공최화；(3)운층강수입자적형성，재랭층이응화화송부증장위주，핵화화번생상대교소，진입난층후，주요시운적여우적이급우적간팽병위주；(4)용간빙진행료6가차인공증우최화작업，경종합검험，약증우10%～40%；(5)사용층상운수치모식진행인공최화모의，당가입50개/L인공빙핵，가사지면강수증가30%좌우。여과과량파살(가입500개/L)인공빙핵，강수반이감소。
The composite analysis on two precipitation processes caused by the Jianghai Cyclone in May 1995 is made by means of synoptic, cloud physical and statistical methods. The results indicate: (1) There were favorable conditions for vapor transportation and extended stable precipitable stratiform clouds and a persistent precipitation occurred. (2) The supercooled layer is thicker; supercooled water and large drop concentrations and the mode diameter are higher, favorable to the artificial seeding. (3) The precipitation particles in the cloud layer are mainly formed in a manner of sublimation and riming in cool layers with less obvious nucleation and reproduce while mainly in a manner of collision and collection of cloud and rain drops in the warm layer. (4) Six artificial seeding operations using dry ice are conducted and the composite appraisal indicates that there is about 10%－40% rain increment. (5) The numerical simulation of artificial seeding indicates that when introducing artificial ice nuclei by 50/L, surface precipitation increases by 30% but the over-seeding of ice nuclei would result in less precipitation.
