CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]为在秸秆机械全量粉碎还田条件下建立密肥调控的最优模式提供理论依据.[方法]以小麦扬麦16和水稻丰两优4号为供试品种,采用2因素裂区试验设计进行田间试验,试验施氮水平分别为:N1(180 kg/hm~2)、N2(225 kg/hm~2)、N3(270 kg/hm2),基本苗分别为:M1(225万/hm~2)、M2(300万/hm~2)、M3(375万/hm~2). [结果]处理N1M3的稻麦周年产量、总产值、纯收入、物质投入净产率、活劳动净产率、产/投比均最高,分别达15 736.44 kg/hm2、28 076.47 元/hm~2、21712.35元/hm2、5.15%、13.06%和4.41.在同一密度水平下,稻麦周年产量、总产值、纯收入、物质投入净产率、活劳动净产率、产/投比的变化趋势分别为:N1>N3>N2、N1>N3>N2、N1>N2>N3、N1>N2>N3、N1>N2>N3、N1>N2>N3;在同一肥力水平下,其变化趋势分别为:M1< M2< M3、M1< M2< M3、M1< M2< M3、M1>M2>M3、M1< M2< M3、M1>M2>M3.[结论]在秸秆机械全量粉碎还田条件下,适度降低施氮水平、提高基本苗数能稳定稻麦周年生产力.
[목적]위재갈간궤계전량분쇄환전조건하건립밀비조공적최우모식제공이론의거.[방법]이소맥양맥16화수도봉량우4호위공시품충,채용2인소렬구시험설계진행전간시험,시험시담수평분별위:N1(180 kg/hm~2)、N2(225 kg/hm~2)、N3(270 kg/hm2),기본묘분별위:M1(225만/hm~2)、M2(300만/hm~2)、M3(375만/hm~2). [결과]처리N1M3적도맥주년산량、총산치、순수입、물질투입정산솔、활노동정산솔、산/투비균최고,분별체15 736.44 kg/hm2、28 076.47 원/hm~2、21712.35원/hm2、5.15%、13.06%화4.41.재동일밀도수평하,도맥주년산량、총산치、순수입、물질투입정산솔、활노동정산솔、산/투비적변화추세분별위:N1>N3>N2、N1>N3>N2、N1>N2>N3、N1>N2>N3、N1>N2>N3、N1>N2>N3;재동일비력수평하,기변화추세분별위:M1< M2< M3、M1< M2< M3、M1< M2< M3、M1>M2>M3、M1< M2< M3、M1>M2>M3.[결론]재갈간궤계전량분쇄환전조건하,괄도강저시담수평、제고기본묘수능은정도맥주년생산력.
[Objective] The purpose was to supply theoretical basis for establishing the optimum model of dense fertilizer regulation under the condition of crushing by machine and returning all the straw to field. [Method] With wheat Yangmai16 and rice Fengliangyou No.4 as tested varieties, the field experiment was carried out by using 2-divided area experimental design. In this experiment, the nitrogen application levels were set at 180 (N1), 225 (N2) and 270 kg/hm~2 (N3); the basic seedling numbers were set at 2.25×106 (M1), 3.00×106 wheat, total yield value, pure income, net output rate of material input, net output rate of labor and output/input ratio in Treatment N1M3 were highest, being up to 15 736.44 kg/hm~2, 28 076.47 yuan/hm~2, 21 712.35 yuan/hm~2, 5.15, 13.06 and 4.41 resp. Under the same density level, the change trends of the anniversary yield of rice and wheat, total yield value, pure income, net output rate of material input, net output rate of labor and output/input ratio were N1>N3>N2, N1>N3>N2, N1>N2>N3, N1>N2>N3, N1>N2>N3 and N1>N2>N3 resp.; under the same fertility level, their change trends were M1< M2< M3, M1< M2< M3, M1< M2< M3, M1>M2>M3, M1< M2< M3 and M1>M2>M3 resp. [Conclusion] Under the condition of crushing by machine and returning all the straw to field, suitably lowering nitrogen application level and increasing basic seedling number could stabilize the anniversary productivity of rice and wheat.