CAJ | 학술논문

基于广西壮族自治区木论国家级自然保护区典型峰丛洼地景观尺度内不同微生境条件和植物群落类型50个样地(20 m×20 m)的系统取样调查,用二元物种指示方法(TWINSPAN)对样地内胸径(DBH)≥1cm的木本植物进行分类,选择10个土壤环境因子和5个空间因子,利用除趋势典范对应分析(DCCA)研究了森林群落分布的土壤环境与空间格局,并给予定量化的合理解释.结果如下:1)TWINSPAN将森林群落划分为11组,在三级水平上分为4类生态群落类型.2)DCCA第一排序轴集中了排序的大部分信息,突出反映了各森林群落所在的坡向和土壤主要养分梯度,沿第一轴从左到右,坡向由阴转阳,岩石裸露率越来越高,土壤主要养分逐渐降低,森林群落分别出现了由原生性和耐阴性强逐步向阳性先锋树种为主的次生林和人工林变化的格局.3)因子分离分析结果表明,土壤环境因子对森林群落分布格局的解释能力为39.16%,其中21.02%单纯由土壤环境因子所引起,空间因子的解释能力为31.34%,其中13.16%独立于土壤环境的变化,18.15%是土壤环境和空间因子相互耦合作用的结果,不可解释部分达47.66%,表明喀斯特峰丛洼地森林群落的物种共存受生态位分化理论和中性理论双重控制.
기우엄서장족자치구목론국가급자연보호구전형봉총와지경관척도내불동미생경조건화식물군락류형50개양지(20 m×20 m)적계통취양조사,용이원물충지시방법(TWINSPAN)대양지내흉경(DBH)≥1cm적목본식물진행분류,선택10개토양배경인자화5개공간인자,이용제추세전범대응분석(DCCA)연구료삼림군락분포적토양배경여공간격국,병급여정양화적합리해석.결과여하:1)TWINSPAN장삼림군락화분위11조,재삼급수평상분위4류생태군락류형.2)DCCA제일배서축집중료배서적대부분신식,돌출반영료각삼림군락소재적파향화토양주요양분제도,연제일축종좌도우,파향유음전양,암석라로솔월래월고,토양주요양분축점강저,삼림군락분별출현료유원생성화내음성강축보향양성선봉수충위주적차생림화인공림변화적격국.3)인자분리분석결과표명,토양배경인자대삼림군락분포격국적해석능력위39.16%,기중21.02%단순유토양배경인자소인기,공간인자적해석능력위31.34%,기중13.16%독립우토양배경적변화,18.15%시토양배경화공간인자상호우합작용적결과,불가해석부분체47.66%,표명객사특봉총와지삼림군락적물충공존수생태위분화이론화중성이론쌍중공제.
Aims Mulun National Nature Reserve is rich in typical natural evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest communities. However, little is known about the spatial pattern of vegetation and its relation with environment. Our objective was to investigate the spatial pattern of woody vegetation (DBH ≥ 1 cm) communities and its environmental interpretation.Methods Fifty sample plots of 20 m×20 m dimensions were established based on microhabitats and vegetation community types in Mulun National Nature Reserve, typical karst cluster-peak depression region. We analyzed data collected on woody plants (DBH ≥1 cm) in the plots, spatial pattern of woody vegetation communities and relationships with environmental factors (10 soil factors and 5 topographical factors) using two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA).Important findings The forest communities were divided into 11 vegetation groups and were classified into 4 eco-types at the third level by TWINSPAN. The first DCCA axis accounted for the largest fraction of the variation of the ordination and showed gradients of slope direction and major soil nutrients. Along the first axis, the pattern of communities ranged from primary forest with shade-tolerant plants towards secondary and manmade forests with shade-intolerant and pioneer plants, accompanying a shift from shady to sunny slopes, an increase in the ratio of bare rocks in the ground cover and a steady decline in major soil nutrients. The effects of soil environmental factors, spatial factors and their interaction on the total variation of forest communities' pattern were quantita-tively partitioned following Borcard et al. and showed that the contribution rates were 21.02% for soil environ-mental factors separately, 18.15% for soil environmental factors coupled with spatial factors, 13.16% for spatial factors separately and 47.66% for other undetermined factors. This indicated species coexistence was controlled by both niche differentiation and unified neutral theory of biodiversity.