CAJ | 학술논문

利用综合遥感以及地理信系统技术以长白山区的白河林业局为例对森林火险区划作了研究.白河林业局2000年9月份的Landsat TM影像被用来提取有关植被、道路、农田、居民地信息图层,这些图层被转化为矢量文件并与白河林业局数字林相图叠加,并使用空间属性进行联结,以得到每个小班的植被类型、小班与道路、农田、居民地之间的距离.按照一定标准在ARCGIS软件中进行划分等级,得到白河林业局植被类型火险等级图、小班距离道路、农田、居民地远近火险等级图以及每个小班的植被类型火险等级、小班距离道路、农田、居民地远近火险等级.白河林业局数字高程模型(DEM)被用来提取有关地形信息(坡度、坡向、海拔高度)图层,这些图层按照一定标准进行划分,得到白河林业局基于坡度、坡向、海拔高度火险等级图层.这些图层同样被转化为矢量文件与数字林相图叠加以得到每个小班的坡度、坡向、海拔高度火险等级.最后综合这些图层,赋予每个因子权重,计算每个小班的森林火险等级值,并利用ARCGIS软件中的自然断点分类功能进行划分等级,得到白河林业局的森林火险区划图.利用白河林业局1998-2001年的林火数据进行验证,可以看出在这段时间内发生的林火基本都落在火险等级较高的5、4、3火险区内.由此说明这种森林火险区划方法效果较好.图9表2参32.
이용종합요감이급지리신계통기술이장백산구적백하임업국위례대삼림화험구화작료연구.백하임업국2000년9월빈적Landsat TM영상피용래제취유관식피、도로、농전、거민지신식도층,저사도층피전화위시량문건병여백하임업국수자림상도첩가,병사용공간속성진행련결,이득도매개소반적식피류형、소반여도로、농전、거민지지간적거리.안조일정표준재ARCGIS연건중진행화분등급,득도백하임업국식피류형화험등급도、소반거리도로、농전、거민지원근화험등급도이급매개소반적식피류형화험등급、소반거리도로、농전、거민지원근화험등급.백하임업국수자고정모형(DEM)피용래제취유관지형신식(파도、파향、해발고도)도층,저사도층안조일정표준진행화분,득도백하임업국기우파도、파향、해발고도화험등급도층.저사도층동양피전화위시량문건여수자림상도첩가이득도매개소반적파도、파향、해발고도화험등급.최후종합저사도층,부여매개인자권중,계산매개소반적삼림화험등급치,병이용ARCGIS연건중적자연단점분류공능진행화분등급,득도백하임업국적삼림화험구화도.이용백하임업국1998-2001년적림화수거진행험증,가이간출재저단시간내발생적림화기본도락재화험등급교고적5、4、3화험구내.유차설명저충삼림화험구화방법효과교호.도9표2삼32.
A forest fire can be a real ecological disaster regardless of whether it is caused by natural forces or human activities, it is possible to map forest fire risk zones to minimize the frequency of fires, avert damage, etc. A method integrating remote sensing and GIS was developed and applied to forest fire risk zone mapping for Baihe forestry bureau in this paper. Satellite images were interpreted and classified to generate vegetation type layer and land use layers (roads, settlements and farmlands). Topographic layers (slope, aspect and altitude) were derived from DEM. The thematic and topographic information was analyzed by using ARC/INFO GIS software. Forest fire risk zones were delineated by assigning subjective weights to the classes of all the layers (vegetation type, slope, aspect, altitude and distance from roads, farmlands and settlements) according to their sensitivity to fire or their fire-inducing capability. Five categories of forest fire risk ranging from very high to very low were derived automatically. The mapping result of the study area was found to be in strong agreement with actual fire-affected sites.