安徽农业科学
安徽農業科學
안휘농업과학
JOURNAL OF ANHUI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2009年
22期
10456-10460,10475
,共6页
杨有德%李月芬%赵兰坡%徐倩%孙超%施宪
楊有德%李月芬%趙蘭坡%徐倩%孫超%施憲
양유덕%리월분%조란파%서천%손초%시헌
现行耕作制%不同装土量%氮浓度%磷浓度%化学计量比
現行耕作製%不同裝土量%氮濃度%燐濃度%化學計量比
현행경작제%불동장토량%담농도%린농도%화학계량비
Current cultivation system%Different soil amounts%Nitrogen concentration%Phosphorus concentration%Stoichiometry
[目的]研究不同装土量对苗期、抽雄期和成熟期玉米植株、根系和籽粒中氮、磷含量以及氮磷比的影响.[方法]采用室外盆栽模拟试验.[结果]玉米植株:从苗期到成熟期,氮、磷浓度呈下降趋势;苗期磷浓度有随装土量增加而增加的趋势;无论施肥与否,同一时期基本呈现随装土量增加,氮∶磷比值呈下降的趋势,氮供应相对不足.玉米根系:从苗期到成熟期,氮浓度呈下降趋势,而且随着装土量的增加氮浓度呈下降趋势;苗期磷浓度较高,装土量不同磷浓度相差不大,抽雄期和成熟期磷浓度均为轻度或重度缺磷;苗期氮∶磷比值皆下降,而抽雄期有上升的趋势.玉米籽粒:施肥玉米随装土量增加氮浓度呈下降趋势;磷浓度差别不大,基本呈现随装土量增加,籽粒磷浓度呈下降的趋势;装土量不同,玉米籽粒中氮∶磷比值也有差异.[结论]松辽平原玉米带黑土区现行耕作制度下产生的2种不同的剖面构型"波浪型"和"平面型"导致有效土量差异,是导致黑土肥力退化的主要原因之一.
[目的]研究不同裝土量對苗期、抽雄期和成熟期玉米植株、根繫和籽粒中氮、燐含量以及氮燐比的影響.[方法]採用室外盆栽模擬試驗.[結果]玉米植株:從苗期到成熟期,氮、燐濃度呈下降趨勢;苗期燐濃度有隨裝土量增加而增加的趨勢;無論施肥與否,同一時期基本呈現隨裝土量增加,氮∶燐比值呈下降的趨勢,氮供應相對不足.玉米根繫:從苗期到成熟期,氮濃度呈下降趨勢,而且隨著裝土量的增加氮濃度呈下降趨勢;苗期燐濃度較高,裝土量不同燐濃度相差不大,抽雄期和成熟期燐濃度均為輕度或重度缺燐;苗期氮∶燐比值皆下降,而抽雄期有上升的趨勢.玉米籽粒:施肥玉米隨裝土量增加氮濃度呈下降趨勢;燐濃度差彆不大,基本呈現隨裝土量增加,籽粒燐濃度呈下降的趨勢;裝土量不同,玉米籽粒中氮∶燐比值也有差異.[結論]鬆遼平原玉米帶黑土區現行耕作製度下產生的2種不同的剖麵構型"波浪型"和"平麵型"導緻有效土量差異,是導緻黑土肥力退化的主要原因之一.
[목적]연구불동장토량대묘기、추웅기화성숙기옥미식주、근계화자립중담、린함량이급담린비적영향.[방법]채용실외분재모의시험.[결과]옥미식주:종묘기도성숙기,담、린농도정하강추세;묘기린농도유수장토량증가이증가적추세;무론시비여부,동일시기기본정현수장토량증가,담∶린비치정하강적추세,담공응상대불족.옥미근계:종묘기도성숙기,담농도정하강추세,이차수착장토량적증가담농도정하강추세;묘기린농도교고,장토량불동린농도상차불대,추웅기화성숙기린농도균위경도혹중도결린;묘기담∶린비치개하강,이추웅기유상승적추세.옥미자립:시비옥미수장토량증가담농도정하강추세;린농도차별불대,기본정현수장토량증가,자립린농도정하강적추세;장토량불동,옥미자립중담∶린비치야유차이.[결론]송료평원옥미대흑토구현행경작제도하산생적2충불동적부면구형"파랑형"화"평면형"도치유효토량차이,시도치흑토비력퇴화적주요원인지일.
[Objective] The paper aimed to study the effects of different soil amounts on the nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration and N∶P stoichiometry of Maize Plant, root and seed in weeding stage, heading stage and maturity stage. [Method] Outdoor pot simulation experiment was adopted. [Result] From seedling stage to maturity, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of Maize plants display a downward trend; phosphorus concentrations have increased with increment of packing soil amounts in weeding stage; regardless of fertilization or not, N∶P show downward trend with increment of packing soil amounts at the same period, nitrogen takes on the relative shortage. From seedling to maturity, nitrogen concentration of Maize roots takes on a downward trend, nitrogen concentration decreases with increment of packing soil amounts; phosphorus concentration of seedling stage is higher than that of heading stage and maturity stage, phosphorus concentrations is mild or severe deficiency; N∶P ratio is decreased in seedling stage, while there is an upward trend in heading stage. Nitrogen concentration of Maize grain is higher in seedling stage; nitrogen concentration and phosphorus concentration of Maize grain after fertilization take on downward trend with increment of packing soil amounts; N∶P ratio is different under different packing soil amounts.[Conclusion] Different effective soil amount resulting from "wave type" and "flat type" under the current cultivation system is one of the main reasons that causes fertility degradation of the black soil in Song-liao Plain maize belt.