中华医学杂志
中華醫學雜誌
중화의학잡지
National Medical Journal of China
2012年
11期
743-747
,共5页
麦迪娜·那毕江%谢婷玉%陈雪艺%米娜瓦尔·阿布都%付竞
麥迪娜·那畢江%謝婷玉%陳雪藝%米娜瓦爾·阿佈都%付競
맥적나·나필강%사정옥%진설예%미나와이·아포도%부경
盲%患病率%人种群%白内障
盲%患病率%人種群%白內障
맹%환병솔%인충군%백내장
Blindness%Prevalence%Ethnic groups%Cataract
目的 评估新疆乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区40岁以上市民视觉损伤程度；比较维吾尔族及汉族市民盲与低视力患病率及视觉损伤的病因构成.方法 以随机抽样调查法,从5032名目标人群中随机抽取样本,对每一位受检者进行标准眼科检查,记录裸眼及矫正视力；诊断矫正视力＜0.3者的视觉损伤病因.结果 5032名目标人群中有4104名(应答率81.56％)参与调查.维吾尔族及汉族市民双盲患病率分别为1.25％及1.86％(P＜0.05),双眼低视力患病率分别为4.04％和3.29％(P＜0.05)；主要致盲眼病为白内障(维吾尔族49.23％,汉族51.85％).视觉损伤程度随年龄增长及文化程度上升有上升趋势；男性视觉损伤程度大于女性.维吾尔族40 ～50岁组人群的双盲及双眼低视力患病率由0.48％和1.13％在≥70岁组人群中分别提高到3.47％和10.88％.在汉族人群中该患病率由0％和1.42％提高到4.39％和7.89％.结论 乌市沙区市民视力损伤主要眼部疾病为白内障(构成比:维吾尔49.23％,汉族51.85％).除外,青光眼及视网膜疾病也是重要损伤原因.
目的 評估新疆烏魯木齊市水磨溝區40歲以上市民視覺損傷程度；比較維吾爾族及漢族市民盲與低視力患病率及視覺損傷的病因構成.方法 以隨機抽樣調查法,從5032名目標人群中隨機抽取樣本,對每一位受檢者進行標準眼科檢查,記錄裸眼及矯正視力；診斷矯正視力＜0.3者的視覺損傷病因.結果 5032名目標人群中有4104名(應答率81.56％)參與調查.維吾爾族及漢族市民雙盲患病率分彆為1.25％及1.86％(P＜0.05),雙眼低視力患病率分彆為4.04％和3.29％(P＜0.05)；主要緻盲眼病為白內障(維吾爾族49.23％,漢族51.85％).視覺損傷程度隨年齡增長及文化程度上升有上升趨勢；男性視覺損傷程度大于女性.維吾爾族40 ～50歲組人群的雙盲及雙眼低視力患病率由0.48％和1.13％在≥70歲組人群中分彆提高到3.47％和10.88％.在漢族人群中該患病率由0％和1.42％提高到4.39％和7.89％.結論 烏市沙區市民視力損傷主要眼部疾病為白內障(構成比:維吾爾49.23％,漢族51.85％).除外,青光眼及視網膜疾病也是重要損傷原因.
목적 평고신강오로목제시수마구구40세이상시민시각손상정도；비교유오이족급한족시민맹여저시력환병솔급시각손상적병인구성.방법 이수궤추양조사법,종5032명목표인군중수궤추취양본,대매일위수검자진행표준안과검사,기록라안급교정시력；진단교정시력＜0.3자적시각손상병인.결과 5032명목표인군중유4104명(응답솔81.56％)삼여조사.유오이족급한족시민쌍맹환병솔분별위1.25％급1.86％(P＜0.05),쌍안저시력환병솔분별위4.04％화3.29％(P＜0.05)；주요치맹안병위백내장(유오이족49.23％,한족51.85％).시각손상정도수년령증장급문화정도상승유상승추세；남성시각손상정도대우녀성.유오이족40 ～50세조인군적쌍맹급쌍안저시력환병솔유0.48％화1.13％재≥70세조인군중분별제고도3.47％화10.88％.재한족인군중해환병솔유0％화1.42％제고도4.39％화7.89％.결론 오시사구시민시력손상주요안부질병위백내장(구성비:유오이49.23％,한족51.85％).제외,청광안급시망막질병야시중요손상원인.
Objective To estimate the prevalence of visual impairment among adults aged ≥ 40 years,compare the prevalence between Uyghur and Han residents and analyze the causes of visual impairment.Methods Population-based cluster sampling survey was conducted among a target population of 5032 persons ≥ 40 years of age from Shuimogou District in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.Distance visual acuity (VA) was measured with a Tumbling-E chart at 5 m.Presenting and best corrected VA were recorded.Clinical evaluations were performed.And primary causes of visual impairment was determined for those with VA ＜0.3.Results Among them,there were 4104 responders ( Uyghur 2006 persons,Han 2098 persons) with a response rate 81.56％.Prevalence of bilateral blindness was 1.25％/1.86％ (Uyghur/Han) ( P ＜ 0.05 ) and bilateral low vision 4.04％/3.29％ (Uyghur/Han) (P ＜ 0.05 ).Primary cause of visual impairment among participants was cataract ( cause proportion of 49.23％ among Uyghurs and 51.85％ among Hans).Visual impairment was correlated with advanced age,males and poor literacy.Prevalences of bilateral blindness and bilateral low vision in age group 40 - 50 yr increased from 0.48％ and 1.13％ to 3.47％ and 10.88％ in age group ≥ 70 among Uygur citizens respectively (x2 =22.36,P ＜ 0.05 vs x2 =70.97,P ＜ 0.05 ).Relative data among the Han citizens varied from 0％ and 1.42％ to 4.39％ and 7.89％ (x2 =27.94,P ＜ 0.05 vs x2 =39.99,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The most frequent cause of visual impairment in this area is cataract (Uyghur 49.23％ vs Han 51.85％ ) while retinal diseases and glaucoma are important causes as well.Blindness prevention programs targeting the elderly should be expanded,particularly in areas with a limited access and affordability of eye care services.
