CAJ | 학술논문

为了探究黑龙江省东部垦区主栽大豆品种的农艺性状的演化趋势,选用了1980～2004年黑龙江省审定推广的12个大豆品种为材料,分析其农艺性状的差异,并计算各性状的遗传参数.结果表明:高产型品种的产量增幅最大,近期比中期增产17.2%,比早期增产23%;高蛋白品种次之,增产7.2%.高产、高蛋白品种近期的单株荚数、单株粒数比中期均有显著增加,同时高产品种的单株粒重也有显著增加;在高油品种中只有单株荚数近期比中期有显著增加.近期育成的大豆品种的株高比中期降低,主茎节数显著增加.高油型品种近期比早期脂肪含量显著提高0.82%,蛋白质含量显著降低1%;高蛋白品种近期比中期脂肪含量显著降低0.71%.从各性状的遗传变异系数和改良潜力看,单株粒重、单株荚数、单株粒数、主茎节数改良潜力较大,而株高、百粒重、蛋白质、脂肪的改良潜力较小.
위료탐구흑룡강성동부은구주재대두품충적농예성상적연화추세,선용료1980～2004년흑룡강성심정추엄적12개대두품충위재료,분석기농예성상적차이,병계산각성상적유전삼수.결과표명:고산형품충적산량증폭최대,근기비중기증산17.2%,비조기증산23%;고단백품충차지,증산7.2%.고산、고단백품충근기적단주협수、단주립수비중기균유현저증가,동시고산품충적단주립중야유현저증가;재고유품충중지유단주협수근기비중기유현저증가.근기육성적대두품충적주고비중기강저,주경절수현저증가.고유형품충근기비조기지방함량현저제고0.82%,단백질함량현저강저1%;고단백품충근기비중기지방함량현저강저0.71%.종각성상적유전변이계수화개량잠력간,단주립중、단주협수、단주립수、주경절수개량잠력교대,이주고、백립중、단백질、지방적개량잠력교소.
It is very important to efficiently study evolution tendency of agronomic characters in soybean breeding. Twelve soybean cultivars released in Heilongjiang province from 1980 to 2004 were selected and divided into 3 stages ( early, middle, and recent) and 3 types ( high oil,high protein,high yield) . The genetic parameter and improving potential of soybean main agronomic traits among stages and types were investigated. Highest yield increment occurred in high- yield type cultivars,with recent cultivars increased by 17. 2% and 23% compared with middle and early ones. Yield of high-protein cultivars increased 7. 2% . Pod number per plant and seed number per plant of recent high-yield and high-protein all significantly increased than middle ones,and seed weight per plant of high-yield cultivars also significantly increased. For high-oil cultivars, only pod number per plant of recent cultivars increased compared with middle ones. Plant height decreased and node number of main stem increased for recent cultivars. For current high-oil cultivars,oil content increased 0. 82% ,protein content decreased 1% than early ones. Oil content of recent high-protein cultivars significantly decreased by 0. 71% than middle ones. Genetic variation coefficient (GVC) and improving potential (IP) of each trait showed that seed weight per plant, pod number per plant,seed number per plant and node number of main stem have greater improving potential,while plant height, 100-seed weight, protein content and oil content have smaller improving potential.