黑龙江对外经贸
黑龍江對外經貿
흑룡강대외경무
HLJ FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS & TRADE
2011年
10期
20-22
,共3页
WTO%举证责任%例外性规则%规则定性
WTO%舉證責任%例外性規則%規則定性
WTO%거증책임%예외성규칙%규칙정성
WTO%burden of proof%exceptional nile%characterization of rule
条款识别关系到WTO争端解决机制中的举证责任分配。虽然例外性条款可以从字面形式判断,但援引例外性条款未必导致举证责任分配的变化。决定举证责任分配的根本是例外性条款所包含的＂例外性规则＂。上诉机构通过规则定性的方法将＂例外性规则＂分为两类,从而实现对不同例外性条款的识别,为举证责任分配规则的完善提供了捷径。
條款識彆關繫到WTO爭耑解決機製中的舉證責任分配。雖然例外性條款可以從字麵形式判斷,但援引例外性條款未必導緻舉證責任分配的變化。決定舉證責任分配的根本是例外性條款所包含的＂例外性規則＂。上訴機構通過規則定性的方法將＂例外性規則＂分為兩類,從而實現對不同例外性條款的識彆,為舉證責任分配規則的完善提供瞭捷徑。
조관식별관계도WTO쟁단해결궤제중적거증책임분배。수연예외성조관가이종자면형식판단,단원인예외성조관미필도치거증책임분배적변화。결정거증책임분배적근본시예외성조관소포함적＂예외성규칙＂。상소궤구통과규칙정성적방법장＂예외성규칙＂분위량류,종이실현대불동예외성조관적식별,위거증책임분배규칙적완선제공료첩경。
Characterizing the provision in agreements relates how to allocate the burden of proof in WTO dispute settlement. Although some ＂exception＂ provisions could be judged by formal features, the burden of proof does not shift only by invoking the ＂exception＂ provision. What ultimately determines the allocation of burden of proof is the ＂exceptional rule＂ involved in ＂exception＂ provisions. The ＂exceptional rule＂ falls into two kinds, and the Appellate Body differentiate ＂exception＂ provisions by characterization of rule, which provides a shortcut to improve the allocation of burden of proof.
