国际流行病学传染病学杂志
國際流行病學傳染病學雜誌
국제류행병학전염병학잡지
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
2011年
1期
35-38
,共4页
水痘%流行病学%临床特点%分析
水痘%流行病學%臨床特點%分析
수두%류행병학%림상특점%분석
Chickenpox%Epidemiology%Clinical characteristics%Analysis
目的 为进一步了解水痘当前流行状况及临床特点,以利于更好地制定防治措施.方法 对重庆医科大学附属儿童医院2006年1月至2009年11月486例住院水痘患儿的临床资料进行分析,并使用Excel2003软件、x2检验及中位数法等对数据进行分析处理.结果 (1)水痘住院病例数每年均较多.尽管一年四季均有发生,但水痘住院病例最多的是5-7月;男∶女=1.36∶1.各年龄组均有发病,尤其是3～6岁的儿童.城乡均有发病,城乡比例为1.43∶1,差异有统计学意义(x2=30.44,P＜0.01).(2)486例水痘病例中,有明确接触史者163例(33.54%),无接触史者307例(63.17%),16例不详.有水痘疫苗接种史者15.例(3.09%),无接种史者458例(94.24%),13例不详,无明确接触史者发病多于有接触史者(x2=88.24,P＜0.01).(3)普通水痘451例(92.80%),新生儿水痘11例(2.26%),重症水痘24例(4.94%),特殊人群病死率高于非特殊人群(x2=6.17,P＜0.05).377例患儿有并发症发生,且以皮肤感染者居多(56.79%).治愈231例(47.53%),好转251例(51.65%),死亡4例(0.82%).结论 水痘流行十分广泛,每年均有较多因水痘住院的病例,且水痘死亡病例常有发生,做好小学生和幼托儿童重点人群的综合性防治措施,提高水痘疫苗接种率,是现今亟待解决的问题.
目的 為進一步瞭解水痘噹前流行狀況及臨床特點,以利于更好地製定防治措施.方法 對重慶醫科大學附屬兒童醫院2006年1月至2009年11月486例住院水痘患兒的臨床資料進行分析,併使用Excel2003軟件、x2檢驗及中位數法等對數據進行分析處理.結果 (1)水痘住院病例數每年均較多.儘管一年四季均有髮生,但水痘住院病例最多的是5-7月;男∶女=1.36∶1.各年齡組均有髮病,尤其是3～6歲的兒童.城鄉均有髮病,城鄉比例為1.43∶1,差異有統計學意義(x2=30.44,P＜0.01).(2)486例水痘病例中,有明確接觸史者163例(33.54%),無接觸史者307例(63.17%),16例不詳.有水痘疫苗接種史者15.例(3.09%),無接種史者458例(94.24%),13例不詳,無明確接觸史者髮病多于有接觸史者(x2=88.24,P＜0.01).(3)普通水痘451例(92.80%),新生兒水痘11例(2.26%),重癥水痘24例(4.94%),特殊人群病死率高于非特殊人群(x2=6.17,P＜0.05).377例患兒有併髮癥髮生,且以皮膚感染者居多(56.79%).治愈231例(47.53%),好轉251例(51.65%),死亡4例(0.82%).結論 水痘流行十分廣汎,每年均有較多因水痘住院的病例,且水痘死亡病例常有髮生,做好小學生和幼託兒童重點人群的綜閤性防治措施,提高水痘疫苗接種率,是現今亟待解決的問題.
목적 위진일보료해수두당전류행상황급림상특점,이리우경호지제정방치조시.방법 대중경의과대학부속인동의원2006년1월지2009년11월486례주원수두환인적림상자료진행분석,병사용Excel2003연건、x2검험급중위수법등대수거진행분석처리.결과 (1)수두주원병례수매년균교다.진관일년사계균유발생,단수두주원병례최다적시5-7월;남∶녀=1.36∶1.각년령조균유발병,우기시3～6세적인동.성향균유발병,성향비례위1.43∶1,차이유통계학의의(x2=30.44,P＜0.01).(2)486례수두병례중,유명학접촉사자163례(33.54%),무접촉사자307례(63.17%),16례불상.유수두역묘접충사자15.례(3.09%),무접충사자458례(94.24%),13례불상,무명학접촉사자발병다우유접촉사자(x2=88.24,P＜0.01).(3)보통수두451례(92.80%),신생인수두11례(2.26%),중증수두24례(4.94%),특수인군병사솔고우비특수인군(x2=6.17,P＜0.05).377례환인유병발증발생,차이피부감염자거다(56.79%).치유231례(47.53%),호전251례(51.65%),사망4례(0.82%).결론 수두류행십분엄범,매년균유교다인수두주원적병례,차수두사망병례상유발생,주호소학생화유탁인동중점인군적종합성방치조시,제고수두역묘접충솔,시현금극대해결적문제.
Objective To further understand the prevalence and clinical characteristics of varicella,in order to facilitate better control measures.Methods The data of 486 cases of varicella inpatients were analyzed during January 2006 and November 2009 in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.The data were analyzed by the excel 2003,x2 test and median.Results(1) There were many varicella cases each year.The disease occurred annually,but there were statistical differences(x2=30.44,P＜0.01).(2) In 486 cases of varicella inpatients,163 cases had contact history(33.54%),307 cases had no contact history(63.17%),and 16 cases' contact history were't clear.15 cases had immunization history(3.09%);458 cases had no the history(94.24%),and 13 cases' immunization history weren't clear.The disease occurrence rate in the patients with unclear contact history was higher than those with contact history (x2=88.24,P＜0.01).(3) 451 cases were ordinary varicella(92.80%).11 were neonatal varicella(2.26%).24were severe varicella(4.94%).The motability in special patients was higher than that in ordinary patients(x2=6.17,P ＜ 0.05).377 inpatients had complications,and the major complication was skin infection(56.79%).231 cases were cured(47.53%),251 were improved(51.65%),4 were dead(0.82%).Conclusions Varicella is very extensive,the deaths also occur often.The control measures on children in primary and preschools and improvement of the varicella immunization rate are the most important problems to be solved.
