CAJ | 학술논문

目的评估贵州省健康教育干预在防治地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)中的效果.方法对贵州省5个县(市、区)地氟病病区实施以健康教育为基础和改良炉灶为主的综合防治项目,采用抽样调查方法,问卷调查学生和家庭户主目标人群氟中毒防治知识知晓率及相关行为形成率.结果健康教育干预后,学生与户主地氟病防治知识知晓率分别为94.80%(15 562/16 415)和88.23%(4482/5080),均较干预前[44.20%(26 364/59 645)、22.81%(3082/13 510)]显著提高(χ2值分别为13 324.05、6546.24,P＜0.01);敞煤火烘烤玉米、辣椒率分别为5.61%(57/1016)和5.41%(55/1016),均较干预前[77.41%(1076/1390)、78/92%(1097/1390)]显著降低(χ2值分别为1214.49、1270.92,P＜0.01);玉米、辣椒食前淘洗率分别为99.51%(1011/1016)和94/59%(961/1016),均较干预前[84.60%(1176/1390)、76.55%(1064/1390)]显著提高(χ2值分别为154.80、143.32,P＜0.01);铁炉及台灶敞烧率分另4为4.71%(38/807)和8.37%(60/717),均较干预前[29.99%(14 483/48 299)、98.33%(95 070/96 685)]显著降低(χ2值分别为243.51、25 282.99,P＜0.01).结论在项目地区实施健康教育干预是贵州省燃煤型地氟病综合防治的基础,通过健康教育干预,加强了项目地区村民参与地氟病防治的自觉性和主动性,项目地区村民初步形成了良好的生活方式,达到预期效果.
목적 평고귀주성건강교육간예재방치지방성불중독(간칭지불병)중적효과.방법 대귀주성5개현(시、구)지불병병구실시이건강교육위기출화개량로조위주적종합방치항목,채용추양조사방법,문권조사학생화가정호주목표인군불중독방치지식지효솔급상관행위형성솔.결과 건강교육간예후,학생여호주지불병방치지식지효솔분별위94.80%(15 562/16 415)화88.23%(4482/5080),균교간예전[44.20%(26 364/59 645)、22.81%(3082/13 510)]현저제고(χ2치분별위13 324.05、6546.24,P＜0.01);창매화홍고옥미、랄초솔분별위5.61%(57/1016)화5.41%(55/1016),균교간예전[77.41%(1076/1390)、78/92%(1097/1390)]현저강저(χ2치분별위1214.49、1270.92,P＜0.01);옥미、랄초식전도세솔분별위99.51%(1011/1016)화94/59%(961/1016),균교간예전[84.60%(1176/1390)、76.55%(1064/1390)]현저제고(χ2치분별위154.80、143.32,P＜0.01);철로급태조창소솔분령4위4.71%(38/807)화8.37%(60/717),균교간예전[29.99%(14 483/48 299)、98.33%(95 070/96 685)]현저강저(χ2치분별위243.51、25 282.99,P＜0.01).결론 재항목지구실시건강교육간예시귀주성연매형지불병종합방치적기출,통과건강교육간예,가강료항목지구촌민삼여지불병방치적자각성화주동성,항목지구촌민초보형성료량호적생활방식,체도예기효과.
Objective To evaluate the effects of implementing the health education in the Central Fund Program to control endemic fluorosis in Guizhou.Methods The samples were randomly surveyed to evaluate knowledge awareness in students and households as well as the habit formation after implementing the integrated program which mainly consisted of installing the improved stoves,supported by the Central Funds and health education in 5 counties.Results After health education,the rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the households were 94.80%(15 562/16 415)and 88.23%(4482/5080),respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[44.20%(26 364/59 645),22.81%(3082/13 510)],the difference being significant(χ2=13 324.05,6546.24,P＜0.01).The rates of drying corn and chili with the coal fire were 5.61% (57/1016)and 5.41%(55/1016),respectively,and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention [77.41%(1076/1390),78.92%(1097/1390)],the difference being significant(χ2=1214.49,1270.92,P＜0.01).The rates of washing corn and chili were 99.51%(1011/1016)and 94.59%(961/1016),respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[84.60%(1176/1390),76.55%(1064/1390)],the difference being significant(χ2=154.80,143.32,P＜0.01).The rates of using the uncovered and unventilated iron stoves and table stoves were 4.71%(38/807)and 8.37%(60/717),respectively,and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention[29.99%(14 483/48 299),98.33%(95 070/96 685)],the difierence being significant(χ2=243.51,25 282.99,P＜0.01).Conclusions Implementing the health education is the basis for the integrated measures for controlling the endemic fluorosis in the endemic regions.The consciousness and activity of the target people have been enhanced greatly.The good behaviors in the target people are forming,the expected goal is reached.