CAJ | 학술논문

通过大型称重式蒸渗仪和小型蒸发器测定秸秆和地膜覆盖下不同灌水处理春玉米地的腾发量, 并结合气象、春玉米叶面积及产量等数据比较不同覆盖方式和灌水处理的优越性.分析了棵间蒸发量与降雨和灌水的脉冲性关系、降雨对腾发总量和参考作物腾发量的影响, 得到各处理下不同生育阶段春玉米棵间蒸发占腾发总量的比例为大-小-大, 且秸秆覆盖较地膜覆盖减少无效蒸发的作用强, 利用不同处理下腾发总量与叶面积指数所呈现的线性函数关系, 可求得春玉米各生育阶段的作物系数和全生育期的水分利用效率.结果表明: 河西干旱地区适度调亏对水分利用效率影响不大, 地膜覆盖下种植春玉米比秸秆覆盖效果好.
통과대형칭중식증삼의화소형증발기측정갈간화지막복개하불동관수처리춘옥미지적등발량, 병결합기상、춘옥미협면적급산량등수거비교불동복개방식화관수처리적우월성.분석료과간증발량여강우화관수적맥충성관계、강우대등발총량화삼고작물등발량적영향, 득도각처리하불동생육계단춘옥미과간증발점등발총량적비례위대-소-대, 차갈간복개교지막복개감소무효증발적작용강, 이용불동처리하등발총량여협면적지수소정현적선성함수관계, 가구득춘옥미각생육계단적작물계수화전생육기적수분이용효솔.결과표명: 하서간한지구괄도조우대수분이용효솔영향불대, 지막복개하충식춘옥미비갈간복개효과호.
Using film and straw mulch and different irrigation methods, an experiment was conducted to determine evapotranspiration from spring maize land. Large-scale weighing lysimeter and miniature evaporator were used to measure evapotranspiration, which combined with weather, leaf area, yield data and other auxiliary data were used to compare the advantage of different mulch and irrigation methods. The measured data were analyzed to learn pulse relations between rainfall, irrigation with soil evaporation, and stage effect of rainfall on total and reference crop evapotranspiration. It is indicated that proportion of soil evaporation to evapo-transpiration shows "high-low-high" changing rule at different growth stages. Straw mulch presents better effect on reducing invalid evapotranspiration than film mulch. The relation between evapotranspiration and leaf area index of different treatments is better with a much linear functional relationship. Trough the relationship model, crop coefficients for different growth stages of spring maize and water use efficiency for the entire growth period are determined. The experimental results indicate that deficient irrigation has little effect on water use efficiency in arid Hexi region. The effectiveness of deficient irrigation is better in spring maize with film mulch than with straw mulch.