中华流行病学杂志
中華流行病學雜誌
중화류행병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
2011年
10期
996-1000
,共5页
张静%杨维中%汪诚信%王豫林%徐勇%毛德强%潘会明%王子军%冯连贵%汪新丽%杨小兵%常昭瑞%贺圆圆
張靜%楊維中%汪誠信%王豫林%徐勇%毛德彊%潘會明%王子軍%馮連貴%汪新麗%楊小兵%常昭瑞%賀圓圓
장정%양유중%왕성신%왕예림%서용%모덕강%반회명%왕자군%풍련귀%왕신려%양소병%상소서%하원원
传染病%生物媒介%死因%监测%三峡水库
傳染病%生物媒介%死因%鑑測%三峽水庫
전염병%생물매개%사인%감측%삼협수고
Communicable diseases%Vectors of disease%Cause of death%Surveillance%Three gorges reservoir
目的 评价1997-2009年三峡库区人群健康状况以及蓄水对健康的影响.方法 在三峡库区选择9个县(区)的17个乡镇(街道)设立疾病和生物媒介监测点,1997-2009年连续系统收集人口出生死亡、传染病、生物媒介等监测数据.采用时间和空间分析以及蓄水前后比较,分析疾病流行状况及其影响因素,评价库区人群健康状况.结果 三峡库区监测点2003年蓄水后7年室内平均鼠密度(2.22％)比蓄水前6年平均鼠密度(4.38％)下降49.32％;蓄水后室外平均鼠密度(2.76％)比蓄水前平均鼠密度(4.43％)下降37.70％.蓄水后人房年均蚊密度[35.09只/(间·人工小时)]较蓄水前[54.24只/(间·人工小时)]下降35.31％.蓄水后畜圈年均蚊密度[125.75只/(间·人工小时)]比蓄水前[179.46只/(间·人工小时)]下降29.93％.2003年蓄水后,流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)、疟疾、钩端螺旋体(钩体)病和流行性出血热(出血热)发病率分别较蓄水前下降22.88％、84.85％、95.03％和81.82％.在蓄水后,钩体病、疟疾和出血热各年发病率均处于较低水平(＜0.4/10万),乙脑历年发病率＜2/10万,下降幅度略低于重庆市和宜昌市.各年粗死亡率低于重庆市和湖北省的平均水平,标化死亡率为3.77％ ～ 5.12％,低于全国平均水平.平均婴儿死亡率为11.83‰,低于全国平均水平.结论 2003年三峡水库蓄水后未诱发疟疾、乙脑、钩体病、出血热等生物媒介传播疾病的明显升高,尚未发现水库蓄水对人群死亡率造成影响,库区人群总体健康状况较好.
目的 評價1997-2009年三峽庫區人群健康狀況以及蓄水對健康的影響.方法 在三峽庫區選擇9箇縣(區)的17箇鄉鎮(街道)設立疾病和生物媒介鑑測點,1997-2009年連續繫統收集人口齣生死亡、傳染病、生物媒介等鑑測數據.採用時間和空間分析以及蓄水前後比較,分析疾病流行狀況及其影響因素,評價庫區人群健康狀況.結果 三峽庫區鑑測點2003年蓄水後7年室內平均鼠密度(2.22％)比蓄水前6年平均鼠密度(4.38％)下降49.32％;蓄水後室外平均鼠密度(2.76％)比蓄水前平均鼠密度(4.43％)下降37.70％.蓄水後人房年均蚊密度[35.09隻/(間·人工小時)]較蓄水前[54.24隻/(間·人工小時)]下降35.31％.蓄水後畜圈年均蚊密度[125.75隻/(間·人工小時)]比蓄水前[179.46隻/(間·人工小時)]下降29.93％.2003年蓄水後,流行性乙型腦炎(乙腦)、瘧疾、鉤耑螺鏇體(鉤體)病和流行性齣血熱(齣血熱)髮病率分彆較蓄水前下降22.88％、84.85％、95.03％和81.82％.在蓄水後,鉤體病、瘧疾和齣血熱各年髮病率均處于較低水平(＜0.4/10萬),乙腦歷年髮病率＜2/10萬,下降幅度略低于重慶市和宜昌市.各年粗死亡率低于重慶市和湖北省的平均水平,標化死亡率為3.77％ ～ 5.12％,低于全國平均水平.平均嬰兒死亡率為11.83‰,低于全國平均水平.結論 2003年三峽水庫蓄水後未誘髮瘧疾、乙腦、鉤體病、齣血熱等生物媒介傳播疾病的明顯升高,尚未髮現水庫蓄水對人群死亡率造成影響,庫區人群總體健康狀況較好.
목적 평개1997-2009년삼협고구인군건강상황이급축수대건강적영향.방법 재삼협고구선택9개현(구)적17개향진(가도)설립질병화생물매개감측점,1997-2009년련속계통수집인구출생사망、전염병、생물매개등감측수거.채용시간화공간분석이급축수전후비교,분석질병류행상황급기영향인소,평개고구인군건강상황.결과 삼협고구감측점2003년축수후7년실내평균서밀도(2.22％)비축수전6년평균서밀도(4.38％)하강49.32％;축수후실외평균서밀도(2.76％)비축수전평균서밀도(4.43％)하강37.70％.축수후인방년균문밀도[35.09지/(간·인공소시)]교축수전[54.24지/(간·인공소시)]하강35.31％.축수후축권년균문밀도[125.75지/(간·인공소시)]비축수전[179.46지/(간·인공소시)]하강29.93％.2003년축수후,류행성을형뇌염(을뇌)、학질、구단라선체(구체)병화류행성출혈열(출혈열)발병솔분별교축수전하강22.88％、84.85％、95.03％화81.82％.재축수후,구체병、학질화출혈열각년발병솔균처우교저수평(＜0.4/10만),을뇌력년발병솔＜2/10만,하강폭도략저우중경시화의창시.각년조사망솔저우중경시화호북성적평균수평,표화사망솔위3.77％ ～ 5.12％,저우전국평균수평.평균영인사망솔위11.83‰,저우전국평균수평.결론 2003년삼협수고축수후미유발학질、을뇌、구체병、출혈열등생물매개전파질병적명현승고,상미발현수고축수대인군사망솔조성영향,고구인군총체건강상황교호.
Objective To evaluate the impact on the health status of population in the area where the ‘Three Gorges Reservoir Water Storage Project' had been operated and to provide references for the development of related disease control strategies.Methods In the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,17 towns/streets in nine counties were chosen as surveillance points.Data on surveillance program would include infectious diseases,birth,death,biological agents etc.Methods related to time and spatial analysis and the comparison on pre- and post- water storage were used to analyze and describe the long-term changing trend of meteorological index,distribution of biological agent and diseases,and human health status.Relationships between number of infectious diseases and media biological density and meteorological parameters were also analyzed.Results When the water storage program came into being in 2003,the indoor (2.22％) and outdoor (2.76％) densities of rats were significantly lower than pre-water storage period (indoor 4.38％ vs.outdoor 4.43％) and the annual average density of mosquito (35.09 mosquitoes per room and per hour) was also lower than before (54.24 mosquitoes per room and per hour).The incidence rates of encephalitis B,malaria,leptospirosis,and hemorrhagic fever had reduces 22.88％,84.85％,95.03％ and 81.82％ than before.The incidence rates of malaria,leptospirosis,and hemorrhagic fever were all below 0.4/100 000 and the incidence of encephalitis B was below 2/100 000.The average infant mortality was 11.83‰.The annual infant mortalities,after adjusted by missing report numbers,were between 13.07‰ and 23.88‰ which were lower than the national annual average level.The thirteen year standard mortalities were 3.77‰-5.12‰,with the total rate lower than the national average level in the same years.Conclusion In 2003,the incidence rates of malaria,encephalitis B,leptospirosis,epidemic hemorrhagic fever kept going down in the surveillance sites in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,and the overall population's health status was well enough to show that there was no negative impact on the health status of population living in the area after the water storage project was inplemented.
