CAJ | 학술논문

以菠萝品种'澳大利亚卡因'为材料,研究了施用不同有机肥对菠萝长叶期和抽蕾期植株生长量、生理生化指标以及土壤酶活性、微生物等的影响,以探讨不同有机肥对菠萝生长的影响机理.结果显示:(1)在花生麸处理中菠萝株高、青叶数、地上部和根鲜重较对照(施用化肥)提高,而在鸡粪和水肥处理中株高、青叶数、地上部鲜重较对照降低.(2)花生麸处理的菠萝叶片细胞膜透性较对照降低,而叶绿素含量、根系活力以及叶片和根系的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD活性均较对照提高;鸡粪和水肥处理的叶片细胞膜透性和根系SOD酶活性较对照提高,而叶绿素含量、根系活力、长叶期叶片和根系的可溶性糖含量、长叶期和抽蕾期叶片的可溶性蛋白含量、叶片SOD酶活性均比对照降低.(3)花生麸能提高土壤脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性及土壤微生物数量;鸡粪和水肥能降低土壤脲酶、蛋白酶活性,却能增强土壤转化酶、过氧化氢酶活性,鸡粪使土壤微生物数量增加,水肥使长叶期土壤微生物数量增加,但使抽蕾期的减少.研究表明,施用花生麸能提高菠萝叶绿素含量、根系活力以及叶片和根系的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,并增强根和叶的SOD活性,同时增加了土壤相关酶活性和微生物数量,从而有效促进菠萝植株生长.
이파라품충'오대리아잡인'위재료,연구료시용불동유궤비대파라장협기화추뢰기식주생장량、생리생화지표이급토양매활성、미생물등적영향,이탐토불동유궤비대파라생장적영향궤리.결과현시:(1)재화생부처리중파라주고、청협수、지상부화근선중교대조(시용화비)제고,이재계분화수비처리중주고、청협수、지상부선중교대조강저.(2)화생부처리적파라협편세포막투성교대조강저,이협록소함량、근계활력이급협편화근계적가용성당、가용성단백함량、SOD활성균교대조제고;계분화수비처리적협편세포막투성화근계SOD매활성교대조제고,이협록소함량、근계활력、장협기협편화근계적가용성당함량、장협기화추뢰기협편적가용성단백함량、협편SOD매활성균비대조강저.(3)화생부능제고토양뇨매、전화매화과양화경매적활성급토양미생물수량;계분화수비능강저토양뇨매、단백매활성,각능증강토양전화매、과양화경매활성,계분사토양미생물수량증가,수비사장협기토양미생물수량증가,단사추뢰기적감소.연구표명,시용화생부능제고파라협록소함량、근계활력이급협편화근계적가용성당、가용성단백함량,병증강근화협적SOD활성,동시증가료토양상관매활성화미생물수량,종이유효촉진파라식주생장.
To study the mechanism of different organic fertilizer applications affecting plant growth of pineapple,we studied the indexes of plant growth of the pineapple variety 'Australia cayene',the key physiological and biochemical prosperities of pineapple,and enzyme activity,micro-organisms of soil around plants at leaf growth period and floral initiation stage.The results showed that the height of plant,number of green leaves,fresh weight of aboveground part and roots were increased by application of peanut press pulp,compared with control (application of chemical fertilizer).Also,cell membrane permeability of leaf was decreased,content of chlorophyll in leaves and activity of roots were both increased by application of peanut press pulp,respectively.Application of peanut press pulp increased the content of soluble sugar and protein,activities of SOD in leaves and roots.However,application of chicken manure and liquid manure decreased the height of plant,number of green leaves,fresh weight of aboveground part and roots,increased cell membrane permeability of leaves,and decreased contents of chlorophyll in leaves and activity of roots.The contents of soluble sugar in leaves and roots at leaf growth period,the content of soluble protein at floral initiation stage was decreased by application of chicken manure and liquid manure,respectively.Activity of SOD in leaves was decreased,but that in roots was increased.In addition,the activities of urease,invertase,catalase,and prolease,the number of micro-orgnisms in soil were increased by application of peanut press pulp.The activities of urease and prolease were decreased.However,the activities of invertase and catalase were increased by application of chicken manure and liquid manure.The number of micro-orgnisms in soil was increased also by application of chicken manure.Application of liquid manure decreased the number of micro-orgnisms in soil at leaf growth period,but increased at florial initiation stage.To sum up,application of peanut press pulp could promote the growth of pineapple.It was because application of peanut press pulp increased chlorophyll content and root activity,increased the soluble sugar,soluble protein content in leaf,root and leaf SOD activity,increased the soil-related enzyme activities and the number of micro-orgnisms.